<i>In Vitro</i> Biomechanical Comparison of 3.5 String of Pearl Plate Fixation to 3.5 Locking Compression Plate Fixation in a Canine Fracture Gap Model

Malenfant, Renee-Claire; Sod, Gary A.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12095.x

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…20 In a cadaveric study comparing SOP to the locking compressive plate (Synthes Vet; West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States), screw loosening was a mode of construct failure of the SOP in cyclical bending and torsion. 23 This was noted in four (2.4%) cases in this study. Two cases of screw loosening were incidental findings at postoperative radiography and two cases required implant retrieval.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

A Retrospective Study Using the String of Pearls Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy Locking Plate for the Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

McGregor¹,

Buffa²,

Tan

et al. 2019

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective The aim of this study was to describe the use of String of Pearls (SOP) tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) locking plates for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease and retrospectively assess osteotomy healing, tibial plateau angle (TPA) change (c) and overall complication rates. Methods Medical records and radiographic studies of 170 SOP TPLO surgical procedures were analysed. Radiographic measurement of TPAc and osteotomy union was determined 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Intra- and postoperative major and minor complications were identified. Factors influencing TPAc, osteotomy union and complications were assessed. Results Mean (standard deviation) TPAc was 1.3° (1.61) and median osteotomy union was graded as 2 (26–50%) union. Improved osteotomy union was associated with retention of the antirotational pin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–4; p = 0.005) and reduced TPAc (OR: 0.8; 95%CI: 0.66–0.97; p = 0.02). Complications occurred in 42 (24.7%) procedures with 11 (6.5%) considered major and 31 (18.2%) minor. Clinical significance The use of the SOP TPLO plating system resulted in a median grade 2 (26–50%) radiographic osteotomy union score at 6 to 8 weeks' follow-up, less than previous TPLO locking plate studies. Osteotomy union was associated with retention of the antirotational pin and reduced TPAc. Major and minor complication rates were marginally greater than recent locking plate studies with fibular fracture and screw loosening common complications. The use of SOP TPLO plates is cautioned and further study is warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

A Retrospective Study Using the String of Pearls Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy Locking Plate for the Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

McGregor¹,

Buffa²,

Tan

et al. 2019

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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“…12,14 This discrepancy in results has been also suggested in different studies, where different bone material was used. 15,16 According to previous studies for a 40 kg dog while running at a trot, the force applied to hindlimbs would be $297 to 419 N (76-107% of body weight). 17 Under single cycle bending loading LCP and PLS plastically deformed at 419.5 and 282.2 N respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance of a Polyaxial Locking Plate and the Influence of Screw Angulation in a Fracture Gap Model

Kaczmarek¹,

Bartkowiak

Schuenemann³

et al. 2019

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective The aim of this study was to compare the locking compression plate (LCP) with polyaxial locking system (PLS) using single cycle to failure 4-point bending test and to investigate the behaviour of PLS with screws inserted mono- and polyaxially using cyclic fatigue test in two bending directions. Materials and Methods Tests were performed on bone surrogates in a fracture gap model. The 3.5 LCP and 3.5 PLS plates were tested in single cycle to failure. The 3.5 PLS plates with mono- and polyaxial screws were compared in a cyclic fatigue tests in two orthogonal directions. For both experiments, micro-computed tomography (CT) scans were performed pre- and post-testing to investigate the connections between the screw head and the plate hole. Means of forces and cycles needed to failure were statistically compared. Results The PLS plates were on average 30% weaker than LCP plates. Mode of failure was plate bending in the single cycle to failure tests, and plate breakage in the cyclic fatigue tests. Neither screw breakage nor loss of the screw–plate interface occurred. Mono- and polyaxial constructs performed similarly when loaded in the same direction. Micro-CT revealed no additional internal cracks in the plates or screws after testing. It also showed for both PLS and LCP that there was only partial contact of the screw head with the plate hole. Clinical Relevance PLS offers a durable locking system, even when the screws are placed polyaxially. The weaker bending properties of the PLS compared with LCP should be considered during preoperative planning.

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“…The mechanical advantages of the SOP implant from the previous studies were often attributed to the circular profile of the implant and higher associated area moment of inertia compared to rectangular implants [13–15, 19–21]. The difference in fracture model configuration in the presented study compared to the multiple aforementioned studies likely allowed less demonstration of the previously observed biomechanical advantages of the SOP plating system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The clinically relevant conclusion of this study stated that due to differing plate construct properties inherent to diverse implant systems, identical approaches to fracture management and plate application cannot be applied [20]. In 2012, Malenfant and Sod compared SOP to LCP constructs in a cadaveric tibial diaphyseal fracture gap model and found that the SOP construct was superior under bending static and cycling testing, but the LCP construct was superior in static and cycling torsion testing [21]. Hutcheson et al compared bridging double plate SOP constructs to broad DCP constructs in a synthetic bone fracture gap model in 2015 and found that all biomechanical properties were significantly higher for the double SOP construct, but the actual differences were small [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fractures of the ilium are most commonly long oblique fractures of the midbody with the obliquity oriented from cranioventral to caudodorsal [3, 5–8]. While it is known that the tension surface of the ilium is the ventral surface, and ventral plate fixation offers mechanical advantages compared to a lateral plate, we elected to evaluate lateral plating as the lateral surface of the ilium is more easily approached and is the most common method of internal fixation of pelvic fractures in dogs [1, 21–23]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biomechanical comparison of conventional dynamic compression plates and string-of-pearls™ locking plates using cantilever bending in a canine Ilial fracture model

et al. 2017

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BackgroundFracture of the ilium is common orthopedic injury that often requires surgical stabilization in canine patients. Of the various methods of surgical stabilization available, application of a lateral bone plate to the ilium is the most common method of fixation. Many plating options are available, each having its own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of a 3.5 mm String-of-Pearls™ plate and a 3.5 mm dynamic compression plate in a cadaveric canine ilial fracture model. Hemipelves were tested in cantilever bending to failure and construct stiffness, yield load, displacement at yield, ultimate load, and mode of failure were compared.ResultsThe mean stiffness of dynamic compression plate (116 ± 47 N/mm) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (107 ± 18 N/mm) constructs, mean yield load of dynamic compression plate (793 ± 333 N) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (860 ± 207 N) constructs, mean displacement at yield of dynamic compression plate (8.6 ± 3.0 mm) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (10.2 ± 2.8 mm) constructs, and ultimate load at failure of dynamic compression plate (936 ± 320 N) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (939 ± 191 N) constructs were not significantly different. No differences were found between constructs with respect to mode of failure.ConclusionsNo significant biomechanical differences were found between String-of-Pearls™ plate and dynamic compression plate constructs in this simplified cadaveric canine ilial fracture model.

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In Vitro Biomechanical Comparison of 3.5 String of Pearl Plate Fixation to 3.5 Locking Compression Plate Fixation in a Canine Fracture Gap Model

Abstract: The SOP construct was superior under bending static and cycling testing but the LCP construct was superior in static and cycling torsion testing.

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

A Retrospective Study Using the String of Pearls Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy Locking Plate for the Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

A Retrospective Study Using the String of Pearls Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy Locking Plate for the Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

Mechanical Performance of a Polyaxial Locking Plate and the Influence of Screw Angulation in a Fracture Gap Model

A biomechanical comparison of conventional dynamic compression plates and string-of-pearls™ locking plates using cantilever bending in a canine Ilial fracture model

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