In vitro comparative cytotoxicity study of aminated polystyrene, zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles on a cervical cancer cell line

Abstract

Nanoparticles use in nano-biotechnology applications have increased significantly with Aminated polystyrene amine (AmPs NP), Zinc oxide (ZnO NP), and Silver (Ag NP) nanoparticles utilized in wide variety of consumer products. This has presented a number of concerns due to their increased exposure risks and associated toxicity on living systems. Changes in the structural and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles can lead to changes in biological activities. This study investigates, compares, and contrasts the potential toxicity of AmPs, ZnO and Ag NPs on an in vitro model (HeLa cells) and assesses the associated mechanism for their corresponding cytotoxicity relative to the surface material. It was noted that NPs exposure attributed to the reduction in cell viability and high-level induction of oxidative stress. All three test particles were noted to induce ROS to varying degrees which is irrespective of the attached surface group. Cell cycle analysis indicated a G2/M phase cell arrest, with the corresponding reduction in G0/G1 and S phase cells resulting in caspase-mediated apoptotic cell death. These findings suggest that all three NPs resulted in the decrease in cell viability, increase intracellular ROS production, induce cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and finally result in cell death by caspase-mediated apoptosis, which is irrespective of their differences in physiochemical properties and attached surface groups.ARTICLE HISTORY

Antioxidant response elements: Discovery, classes, regulation and potential applications

“…Nanoparticles are well-known to cause oxidative stress responses in vitro [204] . Nrf2-ARE luciferase reporter constructs harbored in HepG2 cells have been successfully employed to assess the induction of oxidative stress response by metal and metal oxide nanoparticles [205] .…”

A Brief Review about the Role of Nanomaterials, Mineral-Organic Nanoparticles, and Extra-Bone Calcification in Promoting Carcinogenesis and Tumor Progression

“…It is suspected that toxicity of metallic nanomaterials is associated with the release of ions as a result of the dissociation of NPs under the influence of low gastric pH [25,28,34]. Overall, undifferentiated monocultures are more sensitive to the toxic effects of NPs than well-differentiated ones [35,36,37,38,39]. NPs of ZnO [36,39,40,41], SiO 2 [38,42], and Ag [36,37] showed the highest toxicity in cell cultures.…”

“…Overall, undifferentiated monocultures are more sensitive to the toxic effects of NPs than well-differentiated ones [35,36,37,38,39]. NPs of ZnO [36,39,40,41], SiO 2 [38,42], and Ag [36,37] showed the highest toxicity in cell cultures. Moderate cytotoxic effects were noted for Au [43,44] and TiO 2 [45,46] as well as CNTs [47].…”

Potential role of PRKCSH in lung cancer: bioinformatics analysis and a case study of Nano ZnO

“…15 Compared to chemotherapeutic agents, Nano ZnO exhibits a high degree of cancer cell selectivity with the capacity to surpass therapeutic indices. 16 The special property of Nano ZnO for selective cytotoxicity is mainly attributed to its ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or activate the ER stress-responsive pathway 17 or induce cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase 18 and eventually lead to cancer cell death. 19 P53, one of the most extensively studied cancer and environmental stress-related adaptive proteins in the past four decades, 20 plays a role in NP-induced G2/M arrest.…”