In Vitro Control of Uropathogenic Microorganisms with the Ethanolic Extract from the Leaves of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilger

Abstract

The roots of Cochlospermum regium, popularly known as “algodãozinho-do-cerrado,” are used for the treatment of genitourinary infections. However, the removal of their subterranean structures results in the death of the plant, and the use of the leaves becomes a viable alternative. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity of Cochlospermum regium leaf's ethanolic extract and its action on the biofilm formation of microorganisms associated with urinary infection were evaluated. The total phenolic compounds, flavoids, and tannins were quantified using the reagents Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, and vanillin, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method and the effect of the extract in the biofilm treatment was measured by the drop plate method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the method based on the reduction of MTS and the mutagenicity by the Ames test. The ethanolic extract of C. regium leaves presented 87.4 mg/EQ of flavonoids, 167.2 mg/EAG of total phenolic compounds, and 21.7 mg/ECA of condensed tannins. It presented reduction of the biofilm formation for E. coli and C. tropicalis and antimicrobial action of 1 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. The extract showed no cytotoxicity and mutagenicity at the concentrations tested. This study demonstrated that C. regium leaves are a viable option for the treatment of genitourinary infections and for the species preservation.

Control ofCryptococcus GattiiBiofilms by an Ethanolic Extract ofCochlospermum Regium(Schrank) Pilger Leaves

“…Considering our previous findings on the antimicrobial activity of ECR against other pathogenic microorganisms [ 22 ], we believe that this extract is even more promising for the treatment of hospital and domestic surfaces. This is because, considering its proven action against E. coli , Candida tropicalis , and now Cryptococcus (specifically the C. gattii complex of resistant species), ECR could be used to prevent biofilm formation.…”

“…This is because, considering its proven action against E. coli , Candida tropicalis , and now Cryptococcus (specifically the C. gattii complex of resistant species), ECR could be used to prevent biofilm formation. It is important to highlight that our previous study showed that ECR is innocuous for animal cells (92% cell viability for VERO lines) and did not show mutagenic potential in an Ames assay [ 22 ].…”

“…Previously reported cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and antimicrobial activity data from Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilger leaves ethanolic extract were used to support this study and are available at https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4687154 . This prior study is cited at relevant places within the text as [ 22 ].…”

“…The extract of C. regium from roots presents antimicrobial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and studies report the presence of various compounds such as phenolic, gallic acid, and ellagic acid [ 19 – 21 ], as well as the presence of sesquiterpenes in essential oil, organic acids, flavonoids, triterpenes, tannins, and steroids of leaves of C. regium [ 19 , 22 ]. Recently, our research group showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of a C. regium leaf extract against Escherichia coli and Candida tropicalis [ 22 ]. In this context, the aims of the present study were to evaluate the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of an ethanolic extract of C. regium leaves (Schrank) Pilger against C. gattii .…”

Cochlospermum regium: conservação e atividade química e biológica

“…Os pesquisadores observaram também bons resultados fungicidas contra Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis e Candida albicans. Leme et al (2017), avaliaram in vitro a atividade contra microrganismos uropatogênicos a partir do extrato etanólico das folhas de C. regium. Uma baixa atividade de inibição foi observado para E. coli e discreta para C. tropicais, demonstrando que o extrato foliar pode ser utilizado individual ou em conjunto com outros princípios ativos para o uso como antibiótico e antifúngico.…”