<i>In vitro</i>evaluation of octenidine as an antimicrobial agent against<i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>in disinfecting the root canal system

Chum, Jia Da; Lim, Darryl Jun Zhi; Sheriff, Sultan Omer; Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob; Anand, Suresh; Davamani, Fabian

doi:10.5395/rde.2019.44.e8

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…OCT application induced an immediate reduction of Streptococcus mutans levels in saliva and compared favorably with CHX (Kocak et al 2009). Similarly, OCT was found to be comparable to or even more effective than CHX and NaOCl against Staphylococcus epidermidis (Chum et al 2019). In addition, it seems that OCT exhibits bacteriostatic effects in the oral cavity for an extended time after application (Dogan et al 2008, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of Octenidine on the Formation and Disruption of Dental Biofilms: An Exploratory In Situ Study in Healthy Subjects

et al. 2021

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Dental biofilms are highly structured, complex multispecies communities that, if left untreated, lead to severe oral complications such as caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, antibiofilm agents are often recommended for both preventive and therapeutic measures. However, biofilm management can be challenging due to the low sensitivity of biofilms to antimicrobial treatments. Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) is a highly effective antibacterial agent. Because the OCT antibiofilm efficacy has not been studied in situ, this exploratory crossover study aimed to evaluate the effects of OCT mouth rinsing on biofilm formation and on the disruption of mature biofilms. Moreover, a comparison to the gold-standard chlorhexidine (CHX) was conducted. The biofilms were formed intraorally by 5 healthy volunteers on enamel specimens fixed to acrylic splints. For biofilm formation analysis, OCT, CHX, or water rinses were applied for 30 s every 12 h. The samples evaluation took place at 24-and 48-h time points. For biofilm disruption analysis, sample assessment was performed before and directly after the first OCT or CHX rinse on 48-h mature biofilms. A second rinse was carried out 12 h later. The last assessment was applied to 72-h mature biofilms. The biofilms were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed OCT significantly reducing biofilm formation and bacterial vitality in situ. Simultaneously, the biofilm thickness was strongly decreased. Moreover, a single application of OCT to a 48-h mature biofilm induced substantial biofilm disruption. In addition, the efficacy of OCT compared favorably to CHX. These findings show that OCT rinses prevent biofilm formation and disrupt preexisting mature biofilms formed by healthy subjects. This work suggests that OCT might be used for dental biofilm management as a part of the medical treatment of oral diseases. Future studies with a larger subject heterogeneity and number are needed to confirm the observed OCT effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of Octenidine on the Formation and Disruption of Dental Biofilms: An Exploratory In Situ Study in Healthy Subjects

et al. 2021

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“…S. epidermidis is a facultative anaerobe that can grow through aerobic respiration or fermentation in anaerobic circumstances. [ 9 ] Hence, various studies have done with different intracanal medicaments to eliminate these infective bacteria. [ 4 5 6 7 8 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 9 ] Hence, various studies have done with different intracanal medicaments to eliminate these infective bacteria. [ 4 5 6 7 8 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative assessment of pomegranate extract, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, Myrrh (Commiphora molmol), tulsi extract against Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococci epidermidis

Sisodiya

Ahmed

Sengupta

et al. 2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

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Background: The presence of pathogenic bacteria, toxins and byproducts in the root canal system show a decisive part in success of endodontic therapy. Thus, the complete removal of this bacterium is highly desirable. Several intracanal medicaments were tried to disinfect the root canal before obturation. Aim: The present study was conducted to compare Pomegranate, sodium hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine, Myrrh (Commiphora molmol), tulsi extract against Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococci epidermidis. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional observational prospective study. Materials and Methodology: Aqueous extract of 20% pomegranate peel, 20% pomegranate peel, 0.2% CHX, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, Tulsi extract and Myrrh (Commiphora molmol) was used as agent against E. faecalis, F. nucleatum and Staphylococci Epidermidis. Zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated and compared using analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney test. The information was statistically evaluated with SPSS software version 20 with P < 0.05. Results and conclusion: The mean zone of inhibition against E. faecalis, F. nucleatum and S. Epidermidis was highest in chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite groups compared to herbal groups. MIC was least with group III followed by group II against all bacterial species (P < 0.05). Sodium hypochlorite found comparatively better followed by chlorhexidine and other agents against E. faecalis, F nucleatum and S. epidermidis.

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“…[ 9 ] The study tests OHC as well which demonstrates broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and several viral species. [ 5 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 4 ] Its antimicrobial action is by interfering with the bacterial cell wall and cell membrane. [ 5 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of duration and dilution on antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine hydrochloride as an intracanal medicament with chitosan carrier against Enterococcus faecalis – A modified direct contact test

Varghese

Kurian

2020

J Conserv Dent

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Background: The ambiguity in key influential factors such as minimal time for effective action, dilution, and need of drug carrier for intracanal medicaments necessitates a microbial analysis that aids in the potential selection of an intracanal medicament for ensuring optimal root canal disinfection. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine hydrochloride (OHC) and gold standard calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) as intracanal medicaments, both independently and along with chitosan (CTS) as medicament vehicle against the common resistant endopathogen – Enterococcus faecalis . Materials and Methods: A modified direct contact microbial test was used to evaluate the amount of surviving bacteria after predetermined contact time (2, 5, 20, and 60 min) and 5-fold serial dilution of the intracanal medicaments. The experiment was carried out under aseptic conditions and performed in triplicate to ensure reproducibility. Statistical Analysis Used: The results were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance followed by pairwise comparisons by Mann–Whitney U -test. Results and Conclusions: The results showed that all the four medicament groups were able to show the maximum antimicrobial efficacy against E. faecalis at 60 min time interval and that the antimicrobial efficacy of OHC and Ca(OH) 2 was at its peak when used alone. The study thereby concluded that the addition of CTS as a carrier did not enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of OHC or Ca(OH) 2 against E. faecalis .

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In vitroevaluation of octenidine as an antimicrobial agent againstStaphylococcus epidermidisin disinfecting the root canal system

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Octenidine on the Formation and Disruption of Dental Biofilms: An Exploratory In Situ Study in Healthy Subjects

Effects of Octenidine on the Formation and Disruption of Dental Biofilms: An Exploratory In Situ Study in Healthy Subjects

A comparative assessment of pomegranate extract, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, Myrrh (Commiphora molmol), tulsi extract against Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococci epidermidis

Effect of duration and dilution on antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine hydrochloride as an intracanal medicament with chitosan carrier against Enterococcus faecalis – A modified direct contact test

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