<i>In vitro</i> floral development in poplar: insights into seed trichome regulation and trimonoecy

Ortega, María A.; Zhou, Ran; Chen, Margot S S; Bewg, William Patrick; Simon, Bindu; Tsai, Chung‐Jui

doi:10.1111/nph.18624

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There may be hundreds of genes affecting flowering that may also have differential responses to high temperature microenvironments. Other laboratories have made similar observations; a similar gradient of floral form, ranging from well-developed to more vegetative types of flowers, has been observed in other studies of genetically accelerated poplar trees [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Variation in floral form of CRISPR knock-outs of the poplar homologs of LEAFY and AGAMOUS after FT heat-induced early flowering

Klocko

Elorriaga

et al. 2023

Horticulture Research

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Plant migration and gene flow from genetically-modified or exotic trees to nearby lands or by crossing with wild relatives is a major public and regulatory concern. Many genetic strategies exist to mitigate potential gene flow, however, the long delay in onset of flowering is a severe constraint to research progress. We used heat-induced-FT-overexpression to speed assessment of the expected floral phenotypes after CRISPR knockout of poplar homologs of the key floral genes, LEAFY and AGAMOUS. We selected events with previously characterized CRISPR-Cas9 induced biallelic changes then re-transformed them with the Arabidopsis thaliana FLOWERING LOCUS T (AtFT) gene under control of either a strong constitutive promoter or a heat-inducible promoter. We successfully obtained flowering in both a male and female clones of poplar, observing a wide range of inflorescence and floral forms among flowers, ramets, and insertion events. Overall, flowers obtained from the selected LFY and AG targeted events were consistent with what would be predicted for loss-of-function of these genes. LFY-targeted events showed small catkins with leaf-like organs, AG-targeted events had nested floral organs consistent with reduction in floral determinacy and absence of well-formed carpels or anthers. These findings demonstrate the great developmental plasticity of Populus flowers during genetically accelerated flowering, which may be of horticultural value. They also provide an informative early view of floral phenotypes and apparent sterility from knockouts of both these gene targets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Variation in floral form of CRISPR knock-outs of the poplar homologs of LEAFY and AGAMOUS after FT heat-induced early flowering

Klocko

Elorriaga

et al. 2023

Horticulture Research

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“…For instance, the female‐specific sex‐determination gene ARR17 encoding a type‐A response regulator (Müller et al., 2020) is hemizygous in 717 and found only in the maternal haplotype Pt‐HAP1 (PtXaTreH.19G060300). The genomic resource has facilitated functional validation by CRISPR to show that monoallelic mutation of this gene was sufficient to switch 717 sex from female to male (Ortega et al., 2023).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic conflicts arising from fast‐evolving satellite DNA and/or their associated proteins may be important drivers for reproductive isolation (Brown & O'Neill, 2010; Dion‐Côté & Barbash, 2017). The work offers a molecular basis for future hypothesis‐testing of PtaM147 heterochromatic knobs as reproductive barriers in aspen using CRISPR genome editing and early flowering systems that have proven highly robust in 717 (Bewg et al., 2022; Ortega et al., 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A draft 717 genome constructed from Illumina short reads has a fragmented assembly with a contig N50 of <4 kb (Mader et al., 2016). Alternatively, a variant‐substituted custom genome (Xue et al., 2015) built on the P. trichocarpa Nisqually‐1 reference has facilitated variant‐free guide RNA (gRNA) design for 717 gene editing (De Meester et al., 2020; Elorriaga et al., 2018; Ortega et al., 2023; Tsai et al., 2020). However, the variant‐substitution approach has limited utility for regulatory and non‐genic sequences (Xue et al., 2015) and for copy number variation (Bewg et al., 2022; Chen et al., 2023), which often occurs in genomic regions with greater interspecific diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haplotype‐resolved genome assembly of Populus tremula × P. alba reveals aspen‐specific megabase satellite DNA

Zhou,

Jenkins,

Zeng

et al. 2023

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYPopulus species play a foundational role in diverse ecosystems and are important renewable feedstocks for bioenergy and bioproducts. Hybrid aspen Populus tremula × P. alba INRA 717‐1B4 is a widely used transformation model in tree functional genomics and biotechnology research. As an outcrossing interspecific hybrid, its genome is riddled with sequence polymorphisms which present a challenge for sequence‐sensitive analyses. Here we report a telomere‐to‐telomere genome for this hybrid aspen with two chromosome‐scale, haplotype‐resolved assemblies. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the repetitive landscape and identified both tandem repeat array‐based and array‐less centromeres. Unexpectedly, the most abundant satellite repeats in both haplotypes lie outside of the centromeres, consist of a 147 bp monomer PtaM147, frequently span >1 megabases, and form heterochromatic knobs. PtaM147 repeats are detected exclusively in aspens (section Populus) but PtaM147‐like sequences occur in LTR‐retrotransposons of closely related species, suggesting their origin from the retrotransposons. The genomic resource generated for this transformation model genotype has greatly improved the design and analysis of genome editing experiments that are highly sensitive to sequence polymorphisms. The work should motivate future hypothesis‐driven research to probe into the function of the abundant and aspen‐specific PtaM147 satellite DNA.

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“…It is a dioecious plant and its sex is controlled by genetics [2,3]. Adult female trees produce a large number of seed hairs that can cause allergies, fires, and other problems [4][5][6]. Therefore, female trees should not be used for landscaping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male-Specific Sequence in Populus simonii Provides Insights into Gender Determination of Poplar

Wang,

Lei,

Liu

et al. 2023

Forests

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The genus Populus is composed of dioecious woody plants and adult females produce large numbers of seed hairs that can affect public health and pose a potential fire risk. However, it is difficult to distinguish between males and females based on their morphology at the seedling stage. Therefore, developing a technology that identifies the gender of poplar seedlings is crucial for controlling seed hairs. In this study, we developed an approach for the early gender identification of Tacamahaca and Aigeiros species based on the male-specific sequence in Populus simonii. The gender of Tacamahaca and Aigeiros species can be accurately identified by PCR. The sequencing results showed that the male-specific sequence was conserved in P. simonii and its F1 progenies. Interestingly, there were three nucleobase differences between Tacamahaca and Aigeiros species. Sequence alignment showed that the male-specific sequence had not been assembled on the pseudochromosome. Subsequently, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to locate this specific sequence at the short arm end of chromosome 19 in male P. simonii. This study provides an efficient and convenient method for early gender determination of Tacamahaca and Aigeiros species and lays the groundwork for exploring key sex-determination genes.

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In vitro floral development in poplar: insights into seed trichome regulation and trimonoecy

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Variation in floral form of CRISPR knock-outs of the poplar homologs of LEAFY and AGAMOUS after FT heat-induced early flowering

Variation in floral form of CRISPR knock-outs of the poplar homologs of LEAFY and AGAMOUS after FT heat-induced early flowering

Haplotype‐resolved genome assembly of Populus tremula × P. alba reveals aspen‐specific megabase satellite DNA

Male-Specific Sequence in Populus simonii Provides Insights into Gender Determination of Poplar

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