In vitro studies with mammalian cell lines and gum arabic‐coated magnetic nanoparticles

Abstract

Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method and coated with gum arabic (GA) by physical adsorption and covalent attachment. Cultures of mammalian cell lines (HEK293, CHO and TE671) were grown in the presence of uncoated and GA-coated MNPs. Cellular growth was followed by optical microscopy in order to assess the proportion of cells with particles, alterations in cellular density and the presence of debris. The in vitro assays demonstrated that cells from different origins are affected differently by the presence of the nanoparticles. Also, the methods followed for GA coating of MNPs endow distinct surface characteristics that probably underlie the observed differences when in contact with the cells. In general, the nanoparticles to which the GA was adsorbed had a smaller ability to attach to the cells' surface and to compromise the viability of the cultures.

Covalent coupling of gum arabic onto superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI cell labeling: physicochemical and in vitro characterization

“…Namely, in the referred study, cells were incubated only for 4 h with particles and were allowed to recover for 24 h in fresh culture medium prior to the MTT assay. Lower incubation times would probably cause less cytotoxicity to the cells tested in our work, even incubating with a higher concentration of MNP (11,12). The adjustment of viability data (extended up to particle concentration of 150 μg/mL) to a dose-response curve (Fig.…”

“…Unlike physical adsorption, covalent bonding provides a more permanent attachment of the polymer to the particles, thereby avoiding its detachment and disorganization of the MNP clusters, which may compromise temporal stability of the material . Also, in the previous studies , the MNPs were synthesized by co‐precipitation methods, which are known to produce less crystalline MNPs with heterogeneous distribution of sizes and shapes . The thermal decomposition method is an alternative to obtain monodisperse MNPs with enhanced magnetic properties.…”

“…MNPs coated with GA were previously shown to be stable in aqueous media , functionalized with drugs for targeted drug delivery , and used as magnetically targeted MRI contrast agents . For example, in vitro tests showed cellular uptake of GA ‐ coated MNPs in mammalian cell lines and, by MRI, it was possible to observe their accumulation at tumor sites in mice bearing 9L glioma tumors after intravenous injection and under magnetic targeting with an external magnetic field . In these studies, coating was achieved by physical adsorption but the GA charged groups (carboxyl and amine) can also be used for covalent bonding via carbodiimide activation .…”

Purification of human antibodies from animal cell cultures using gum arabic coated magnetic particles

“…It has a highly branched polysaccharide structure, consisting of a complex mixture of calcium, potassium and magnesium salts from arabic acids, and with residues of galactose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid and arabinose. It also has a protein–polysaccharide complex as a minor component . Several publications have reported average molecular weights for GA between 2.5×10 and 1.0×10 6 Da .…”

“…It also has a protein-polysaccharide complex as a minor component. 14,15 Several publications have reported average molecular weights for GA between 2.5×10 5 and 1.0×10 6 Da. 16 In the field of MPs, GA has been applied as a coating material for several purposes including drug delivery and tumor imaging, 17 isolation of bacteria with iron oxide particles 18 and antibody purification using affinity ligands.…”