<i>In vivo</i>
            and
            <i>in situ</i>
            measurement and modelling of intra‐body effective complex permittivity

Nadimi, Esmaeil S.; Blanes-Vidal, Victoria; Harslund, Jakob le Fèvre; Ramezani, Mohammad Hossein; Kjeldsen, Jens; Johansen, Per Michael; Thiel, David V.; Tarokh, Vahid

doi:10.1049/htl.2015.0024

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…On the contrary, without any apparent reason, other tissues such as esophagus and pancreas have not been measured at all above 500 MHz. In addition, there is a heterogeneity regarding the animal species chosen for characterization: there are works performed on cats [14], dogs [13], frogs [11], humans [7], mice [21], pigs [22], rats [16], and sheep [10], among others. This can lead to inconsistencies when comparing analogous or different tissues from different species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Characterization of <italic>In Vivo</italic> Abdominal and Thoracic Tissues in the 0.5–26.5 GHz Frequency Band for Wireless Body Area Networks

et al. 2019

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The dielectric properties of biological tissues are of utmost importance in the development of wireless body area networks (WBANs), especially for implanted devices. The early design stages of medical devices like capsule endoscopy, pacemakers, or physiological sensors rely on precise knowledge of the dielectric properties of the tissues present in their surrounding medium. Many of these applications make use of electromagnetic phantoms, which are software or physical models that imitate the shape and the electromagnetic properties of the tissues. They are used for designing devices in software simulations and for testing them in laboratory trials, aiding in both the development of WBAN antennas or in communication link evaluations. The existing reports about dielectric in vivo properties are limited and have drawbacks like: low variety of characterized tissues, lacking some relevant ones, and limitations and inhomogeneity in the measured frequency range. This paper aims at filling that gap by providing a new database of dielectric properties of biological tissues measured in vivo. In particular, it is focused on the tissues of the thoracic and the abdominal regions, measured at the same wide frequency band, on the same animal specimen, and under the same conditions. The properties have been obtained by measuring porcine tissues in the 0.5-26.5 GHz band with the open-ended coaxial technique. In this paper, we focus on those tissues that have been scarcely characterized so far in the literature, like heart, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas. The Cole-Cole fitting parameters of the measured tissues and their uncertainties are provided.INDEX TERMS Biological materials, body sensor networks, dielectric measurement, in vivo, permittivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Characterization of <italic>In Vivo</italic> Abdominal and Thoracic Tissues in the 0.5–26.5 GHz Frequency Band for Wireless Body Area Networks

et al. 2019

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“…Besides, there are some recent studies assessing the dielectric properties in in vivo conditions, although the number of available tissues is more limited. Such in vivo studies have reported measurements on cats [53], [73], rats [73], frogs [62], swine [74], [75], sheep [76], mice [77] and humans [78], [79]. By analyzing the different contributions that contain UWB data, it can be easily observed that the dielectric constant is larger for high water-content tissues like muscle than for low water-content ones such as bones, as one can observe in Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of Body Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultrawideband Technology for Medical In-Body Sensor Networks: An Overview of the Human Body as a Propagation Medium, Phantoms, and Approaches for Propagation Analysis

Garcia-Pardo

Andreu

Fornés-Leal

et al. 2018

IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag.

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In-body sensor networks are those networks where at least one of the sensors is located inside the human body. Such wireless in-body sensors are mainly used for medical applications, collecting and monitoring important parameters for health and diseases treatment. The IEEE Standard 802.15.6-2012 for Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) considers in-body communications in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band. Nevertheless, high data rate communications are not feasible at the MICS band due to its narrow occupied bandwidth. In this framework, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) systems have emerged as a potential solution for in-body high data rate communications, due to its miniaturization capabilities or low power consumption. In the last years, some open issues have determined the research about in-body propagation. Firstly, the propagation medium, i.e., the human body tissues, is frequencydependent and exhibits a large attenuation at UWB frequencies. Secondly, the behavior of the in-body antennas is highly dominated by the surrounding tissues. Thus, the in-body channel characterization in UWB depends not only on the channel behavior itself, but also on the methodology of characterization. This paper intends to outline the research performed in the field of UWB in-body radio channel characterization considering the propagation medium, as well as the methodology of analysissoftware simulations, phantom measurements, in vivo measurements-. Thus, authors provide an overall perspective of the current state of the art, limitations for the analysis of in-body propagation, and future perspectives for UWB in-body channel analysis.

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“…Antennas on skin are affected (gain, impedance, etc) by the dielectric properties of the skin. Several measurements of the dielectric properties of porcine skin have reported similarities to human skin [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-Field Distribution in Ex-Vivo Porcine Skin Layer from a Subsurface UHF Transmitter

Albadri

Salchak

Thiel

et al. 2020

2020 14th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

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A tuned small slot antenna has been used for radio communications with internal transceivers/transmitters for invivo medical applications. The 2.45 GHz properties (permittivity and conductivity) shows that porcine skin tissue can be used as a substitute for human skin tissue in medical applications. In this study, a measure of the E-field distribution on the skin surface of human and porcine tissue is presented. Ex vivo measurements on boneless layered pork belly-fat (45mm thick 300mm x 150 mm sample of skin, fat and muscle) were compared with numerical modelling for a subdermal PIFA tuned antenna. The surface electric field distribution is quite well matched to an analytical formula over a 70dB dynamic range. The conductivity ( = 4 S/m, r = 10) and relative permittivity adjusted to fit the measurement profile aligned with previously reported values. These results support the strategy that field strength measurements can be used to locate an injects radio transmitter.

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In vivo and in situ measurement and modelling of intra‐body effective complex permittivity

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Dielectric Characterization of <italic>In Vivo</italic> Abdominal and Thoracic Tissues in the 0.5–26.5 GHz Frequency Band for Wireless Body Area Networks

Dielectric Characterization of <italic>In Vivo</italic> Abdominal and Thoracic Tissues in the 0.5–26.5 GHz Frequency Band for Wireless Body Area Networks

Ultrawideband Technology for Medical In-Body Sensor Networks: An Overview of the Human Body as a Propagation Medium, Phantoms, and Approaches for Propagation Analysis

E-Field Distribution in Ex-Vivo Porcine Skin Layer from a Subsurface UHF Transmitter

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