<i>In vivo</i> bone response to 3D periodic hydroxyapatite scaffolds assembled by direct ink writing

Simon, Jean-Pierre; Michna, Sarah; Lewis, Jennifer A.; Rekow, E. Dianne; Thompson, Van P.; Smay, James E.; Yampolsky, Andrew; Parsons, J. R.; Ricci, John L.

doi:10.1002/jbm.a.31329

Cited by 175 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Many studies have stated that an optimal scaffold for bone replacement should have a 3D geometry similar of that of the ingrowing trabecular bone, because it may be an effective approach for fast and efficient conduction of new bone across significant distances in these osteoconductive structures [11,12,13].The importance of the pore size and architecture for a scaffold relies on the fact that they are essential for controlling metabolic aspects such as the diffusion of oxygen, growth factors, and nutrients to the cells [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-write assembly of 3D scaffolds using colloidal calcium phosphates inks

et al. 2014

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Additive manufacture techniques using concentrated colloidal inks are a promising approach for creating three-dimensional (3D) calcium phosphates scaffolds for bone repair and regeneration. Among those, the direct-write assembly allows building scaffolds with precise size and geometry. In the present work, commercial β-TCP and HA were used to produce two types of colloidal ink. According to the ink composition used to build the scaffolds, two different groups were obtained. Group I: scaffolds produced with β-TCP-based ink; and Group II: scaffolds produced with biphasic CaP-based ink (BCP). The 3D scaffolds were assembled in a cylindrical shape (Φ = 8mm x H= 16 mm) with interconnected pore channels of approximately 500μm by robotic deposition of 64 layers using a robocasting machine. The mechanical compression property of the scaffolds was determined using universal testing machine. To assure the controlled geometry of the scaffolds, digital images were obtained by reconstructing each individual scan obtained with a micro-computed tomography. An optical contact angle measurement system was used to evaluate the wettability of the materials. After analyzing the results it was concluded that: the robocasting system is suitable for building 3D periodic calcium phosphates scaffolds; the direct-write assembly didn't change the hydrophilic characteristic of CaPs; and presented mean compressive strength around 11 MPa (β-TCP group) and 15 MPa (BCP group), which is compatible with trabecular bone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-write assembly of 3D scaffolds using colloidal calcium phosphates inks

et al. 2014

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“…In addition to the template-based techniques described above, hierarchical porous structures have also been produced using template-free, top-down fabrication technologies such as 3D printing (direct writing) and electrospinning ( Simon et al 2007;Chen et al 2011). These processing routes typically involve the formation and deposition of filaments that are assembled into ordered or random cellular structures, as depicted schematically in Fig.…”

Section: Synthetic Hierarchically Porous Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Hierarchical Composites

Studart

Erb

Libanori

2015

Hybrid and Hierarchical Composite Materials

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The structural design of composite materials at multiple length scales is a widespread strategy found in biological materials to optimize opposing properties or to combine multiple functional properties in a unique material system. The combination of this hierarchical structuring approach with the vast chemical repertoire available in synthetic systems is expected to lead to man-made composites with unprecedented functionalities. Alternatively, hierarchical materials can potentially achieve sufficient strength and toughness even if made out of weaker environmentally-friendly or bioresorbable building blocks. Replicating the hierarchical design principle of biological systems in synthetic materials is an exciting challenge that has been tackled by researchers across different scientific communities. In this chapter, we present state-of-the-art examples on attempts to identify fundamental design principles of hierarchical natural materials and to then mimic these bioinspired concepts in man-made materials. Three selected structural features that can be independently designed at multiple length scales in biological materials are described as examples: (i) mechanical reinforcement, (ii) porosity, and (iii) topography. By comparing biological and man-made materials exhibiting these hierarchical features, we provide an overview on the limitations of currently exploited top-down and bottom-up manufacturing technologies and on the opportunities for the future development of hierarchical composites inspired by the unique multiscale structure of biological materials.

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“…The 3D direct-writing printer used a gantry robot with affixed syringe pumps to extrude the colloidal inks through a fine nozzle to build the 3D scaffold [11,12]. The 3D disc-shaped scaffolds (10 mm in diameter, ~2 mm in thickness, 330 μm in struts, and 500 μm in pore size) were designed on a computer-aided design (CAD) software (RoboCAD 4.3, 3D Inks, LLC Tulsa, OK, USA) (Fig.…”

Section: Sample Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling calcium and phosphate ion release of 3D printed bioactive ceramic scaffolds: An in vitro study

2017

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This paper characterizes in an in vitro setting the release of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (PO 4 ) of 3D printed bioactive ceramic scaffold prepared from extrudable paste containing hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Hydroxyapatite and β-TCP were calcined at 800 ℃ for 11 h, fabricated into four experimental groups (100% HA, 100% β-TCP, 15%/85% HA/β-TCP, and 15%/85% HA/β-TCP (design)), sintered to 1100 ℃ for 4 h. Calcium and phosphorus concentrations were evaluated using ICP spectroscopy, and the release of Ca and PO 4 ions during dissolution of the CaP-based scaffolds was measured by submerging in 0.05 mol/L Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-HCl and maintaining a temperature of 37 ℃. The Ca and PO 4 concentrations of the solutions were measured with the utilization of a calcium assay kit and a phosphate assay kit and read in a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The 100% HA scaffold group showed the greatest concentration of Ca ions (~1.9 mg/dL), but ultimately released at a lower amount as time increased; the 100% HA scaffold also showed the lowest total amount of calcium ions released over the course of evaluation. The results for the 100% β-TCP were on the opposite of the HA with the highest amount of calcium ion release over the study. While the PO 4 ion release showed a similar trend as those observed with Ca ions with an apparent difference in the 100% HA scaffold group. There was nearly 0 mg/dL of the phosphate ions released in the first 24 h, in comparison to the amount of Ca ions released during the same time frame. Since various formulations can lead to different properties of these bioactive ceramic scaffolds, it is important to understand how the tailoring of this important biphasic material can impact the long-term outcome of an ever-important in vivo clinical trial in the future.

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In vivo bone response to 3D periodic hydroxyapatite scaffolds assembled by direct ink writing

Cited by 175 publications

References 42 publications

Direct-write assembly of 3D scaffolds using colloidal calcium phosphates inks

Direct-write assembly of 3D scaffolds using colloidal calcium phosphates inks

Bioinspired Hierarchical Composites

Controlling calcium and phosphate ion release of 3D printed bioactive ceramic scaffolds: An in vitro study

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