<i>In Vivo</i>Capsaicin Treatment Inhibits Rat NK Cell Cytotoxicfunctions

Santoni, Giorgio; Perfumi, Marina; Birarelli, P; Procaccini, Andrea; Piccoli, Mario

doi:10.3109/08923979509016384

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Many of the acute cellular and physiologic effects associated with CPS exposure are mediated by vanilloid receptors that can act as voltage-independent channels. 7 Vanilloid receptors are expressed mainly by primary sensory neurons involved in nociception and neurogenic inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct thymocyte subsets express the vanilloid receptor VR1 that mediates capsaicin-induced apoptotic cell death

et al. 2004

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Herein, we provide the first evidence on the capsaicin (CPS) receptor vanilloid receptor type-1 (VR1) by rat thymocytes, and its involvement in CPS-induced apoptosis. VR1 mRNA was identified by quantitative RT-PCR in CD5 þ thymocytes. By immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, we found that a substantial portion of CD5 þ thymocytes, namely CD4 þ and double negative (DN) cell subsets, express VR1 that was present on plasma membrane on discrete spots. By Western blot, VR1 protein was identified as a single band of 95 kDa. We also described that CPS could trigger two distinct pathways of thymocyte death, namely apoptosis and necrosis depending on the dose of CPS exposure. CPS-induced apoptosis involved intracellular free calcium (Ca 2 þ ) influx, phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondrial permeability transmembrane pore (PTP) opening and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (DW m ) dissipation leading to cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-9 and -3 and oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. VR1 was functionally implicated in these events as they were completely abrogated by the VR1 antagonist, capsazepine (CPZ). Finally, we demonstrated that VR1 expression on distinct thymocytes was associated with the selective ability of CPS to trigger DNA fragmentation in VR1 þ CD4 þ and DN thymocytes. Overall, our results suggest that the expression of VR1 on thymocytes may function as a sensor of harmful stimuli present in the thymic environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct thymocyte subsets express the vanilloid receptor VR1 that mediates capsaicin-induced apoptotic cell death

et al. 2004

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“…A notion which is further supported by the observation that CAPS, which regulate the exocytosis of neuropeptide-containing dense-core vesicles, were found in the spleen 78 . Consequently, treatment with capsaicin alters spleen morphology and reduces splenic cell proliferation, NK cell activity and IL2 production as well as CD4/CD25+ T-cell number 46 , 79 - 81 . With respect to TH1/TH2 balance however, both the production of TH1 and TH2 cytokines were reduced in the spleen 48 …”

Section: Splenic Immune Cells Respond To Neuroendocrine Mediators Andmentioning

confidence: 90%

Stress induced neuroendocrine-immune plasticity

Liezmann

Stock

Peters

2012

Dermato-Endocrinology

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Research over the past decade has revealed close interaction between the nervous and immune systems in regulation of peripheral inflammation linking psychosocial stress with chronic somatic disease and aging. Moreover emerging data suggests that chronic inflammations lead to a pro-inflammatory status underlying premature aging called inflammaging. In this context, the spleen can be seen as a switch board monitoring peripherally derived neuroendocrine-immune mediators in the blood and keeping up a close communication with the central stress response via its mainly sympathetic innervation. The effect aims at balanced and well-timed stress axis activation and immune adaptation in acute peripheral inflammatory events. Constant adjustment to the needs generated by environmental and endogenous challenges is provided by neuroendocrine-immune plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity induced e.g., by chronic stress-axis activation and excessive non-neuronal derived neuroendocrine mediators may be at the heart of the observed stress sensitivity promote inflammaging under chronic inflammatory conditions. We here review the role of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and neurotrophins as stress mediators modulating the immune response in the spleen and their potential role in inflammaging.

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“…In a study by Santoni et al (1995), newborn specific pathogen-free Wistar rats were injected s.c. with 50 mg/kg Capsaicin (in 10% ethanol and 10% Tween 80) on day 2 of life. The animals were killed at various times during a 90-day period post injection.…”

Section: Immune System Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhibition was evident as early as 15 days post dosing and persisted to day 90 in the spleen. By day 90, peripheral blood lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity had returned to control levels (Santoni et al 1995). Santoni et al (2000) evaluated the effect of neonatal Capsaicin treatment on the distribution and function of rat thymocyte subsets and apoptosis of thymus cells using specific pathogenfree Wistar rats of both sexes (age = 2 days).…”

Section: Immune System Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Capsicum Annuum Extract, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract, Capsicum Annuum Resin, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Powder, Capsicum Frutescens Fruit, Capsicum Frutescens Fruit Extract, Capsicum Frutescens Resin, and Capsaicin1

2007

Int J Toxicol

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Capsicum-derived ingredients function as skin-conditioning agents--miscellaneous, external analgesics, flavoring agents, or fragrance components in cosmetics. These ingredients are used in 19 cosmetic products at concentrations as high as 5%. Cosmetic-grade material may be extracted using hexane, ethanol, or vegetable oil and contain the full range of phytocompounds that are found in the Capsicum annuum or Capsicum frutescens plant (aka red chiles), including Capsaicin. Aflatoxin and N-nitroso compounds (N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosopyrrolidine) have been detected as contaminants. The ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrum for Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract indicates a small peak at approximately 275 nm, and a gradual increase in absorbance, beginning at approximately 400 nm. Capsicum and paprika are generally recognized as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in food. Hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of Capsicum Frutescens Fruit at 200 mg/kg resulted in death of all mice. In a short-term inhalation toxicity study using rats, no difference was found between vehicle control and a 7% Capsicum Oleoresin solution. In a 4-week feeding study, red chilli (Capsicum annuum) in the diet at concentrations up to 10% was relatively nontoxic in groups of male mice. In an 8-week feeding study using rats, intestinal exfoliation, cytoplasmic fatty vacuolation and centrilobular necrosis of hepatocytes, and aggregation of lymphocytes in the portal areas were seen at 10% Capsicum Frutescens Fruit, but not 2%. Rats fed 0.5 g/kg day-1 crude Capsicum Fruit Extract for 60 days exhibited no significant gross pathology at necropsy, but slight hyperemia of the liver and reddening of the gastric mucosa were observed. Weanling rats fed basal diets supplemented with whole red pepper at concentrations up to 5.0% for up to 8 weeks had no pathology of the large intestines, livers, and kidneys, but destruction of the taste buds and keratinization and erosion of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were noted in groups fed 0.5% to 5.0% red pepper. The results of 9-and 12-month extension of this study showed normal large intestines and kidneys. In rabbits fed Capsicum Annuum Powder at 5 mg/kg day-1 in the diet daily for 12 months damage to the liver and spleen was noted. A rabbit skin irritation test of Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1.0% produced no irritation, but Capsicum Frutescens Fruit Extract induced concentration-dependent (at 25 to 500 microg/ml) cytotoxicity in a human buccal mucosa fibroblast cell line. An ethanol extract of red chili was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, but not in TA100, or in Escherichia coli. Other genotoxicity assays gave a similar pattern of mixed results. Adenocarcinoma of the abdomen was observed in 7/20 mice fed 100 mg red chilies per day for 12 months; no tumors were seen in control animals. Neoplastic changes in the liver and intestinal tumors were observed in rats fed red chili powder at 80 mg/kg day-1 for 30 days, intestinal and colo...

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In VivoCapsaicin Treatment Inhibits Rat NK Cell Cytotoxicfunctions

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Distinct thymocyte subsets express the vanilloid receptor VR1 that mediates capsaicin-induced apoptotic cell death

Distinct thymocyte subsets express the vanilloid receptor VR1 that mediates capsaicin-induced apoptotic cell death

Stress induced neuroendocrine-immune plasticity

Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Capsicum Annuum Extract, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract, Capsicum Annuum Resin, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Powder, Capsicum Frutescens Fruit, Capsicum Frutescens Fruit Extract, Capsicum Frutescens Resin, and Capsaicin1

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