<i>In vivo</i>measurement of the human epidermal thickness in different localizations by multiphoton laser tomography

Koehler, Martin; Vogel, Tanja; Elsner, Peter; König, Karsten; Bückle, Rainer; Kaatz, Martin

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0846.2010.00437.x

Cited by 55 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Since the epidermal thickness typically ranges from 60 to 300 μm, 10,11 our model assumes that all wavelengths in our range of interest penetrate through the epidermis and hence, the diffuse reflectance detected from the skin contains contributions from both epidermal and dermal layers, shown schematically in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for depth-resolved quantitation of optical properties in layered media using spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy

et al. 2011

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Abstract. We have demonstrated that spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy (SMoQS) is capable of extracting absolute optical properties from homogeneous tissue simulating phantoms that span both the visible and near-infrared wavelength regimes. However, biological tissue, such as skin, is highly structured, presenting challenges to quantitative spectroscopic techniques based on homogeneous models. In order to more accurately address the challenges associated with skin, we present a method for depth-resolved optical property quantitation based on a two layer model. Layered Monte Carlo simulations and layered tissue simulating phantoms are used to determine the efficacy and accuracy of SMoQS to quantify layer specific optical properties of layered media. Initial results from both the simulation and experiment show that this empirical method is capable of determining top layer thickness within tens of microns across a physiological range for skin. Layer specific chromophore concentration can be determined to < ± 10% the actual values, on average, whereas bulk quantitation in either visible or near infrared spectroscopic regimes significantly underestimates the layer specific chromophore concentration and can be confounded by top layer thickness. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for depth-resolved quantitation of optical properties in layered media using spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy

et al. 2011

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“…In order to determine the characteristic features associated with different skin pathologies, MPT and OCT images obtained from these pathological lesions were compared with the healthy skin. However, it has been shown that typical morphological features of normal skin visible in MPT and OCT vary from site to site in the body depending on age, gender and skin type [41,42]. Similarly, quantitative parameters extracted from MPT and OCT images of normal skin such as cell and nucleus diameter, epi- dermal thickness, nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, cell density and SHG to autofluorescence ageing index of dermis exhibit intra-personal and inter-personal differences [43,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional multiphoton/optical coherence tomography for diagnostic applications in dermatology

Alex

Weingast

Weinigel

et al. 2012

Journal of Biophotonics

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A preliminary clinical trial using state‐of‐the‐art multiphoton tomography (MPT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for three‐dimensional (3D) multimodal in vivo imaging of normal skin, nevi, scars and pathologic skin lesions has been conducted. MPT enabled visualization of sub‐cellular details with axial and transverse resolutions of <2 μm and <0.5 μm, respectively, from a volume of 0.35 × 0.35 × 0.2 mm3 at a frame rate of 0.14 Hz (512 × 512 pixels). State‐of‐the‐art OCT, operating at a center wavelength of 1300 nm, was capable of acquiring 3D images depicting the layered architecture of skin with axial and transverse resolutions ∼8 μm and ∼20 μm, respectively, from a volume of 7 × 3.5 × 1.5 mm3 at a frame rate of 46 Hz (1024 × 1024 pixels). This study demonstrates the clinical diagnostic potential of MPT/OCT for pre‐screening relatively large areas of skin using 3D OCT to identify suspicious regions at microscopic level and subsequently using high resolution MPT to obtain zoomed in, sub‐cellular level information of the respective regions (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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“…BCC originates from the basal layer of the epidermis, the top most layer of the human skin. Typically, the human epidermis has an average thickness of around 100 µm [19,20]. In our numerical scanning example, the human skin consists of a 300 µm thick healthy skin and a patch of BCC, also with thickness 300 µm encapsulated within the healthy skin.…”

Section: Bcc Detection Based On Reflected Terahertz Pulsementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Interaction of Terahertz Pulse With Healthy Skin and Basal Cell Carcinoma Using the Unconditionally Stable Fundamental Adi-FDTD Method

Heh¹,

Tan²

2012

PIER B

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Abstract-This paper presents the application of unconditionally stable fundamental finite-difference time-domain (FADI-FDTD) method in modeling the interaction of terahertz pulse with healthy skin and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The healthy skin and BCC are modeled as Debye dispersive media and the model is incorporated into the FADI-FDTD method. Numerical experiments on delineating the BCC margin from healthy skin are demonstrated using the FADI-FDTD method based on reflected terahertz pulse. Hence, the FADI-FDTD method provides further insight on the different response shown by healthy skin and BCC under terahertz pulse radiation. Such understanding of the interaction of terahert pulse radiation with biological tissue such as human skin is an important step towards the advancement of future terahertz technology on biomedical applications.

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In vivomeasurement of the human epidermal thickness in different localizations by multiphoton laser tomography

Abstract: The method presented here provides a novel in vivo investigation tool for the measurement of epidermal morphometric parameters that may be useful for the observation of epidermal changes over time in skin disorders, therapy side effects or in cosmetic science.

Cited by 55 publications

References 22 publications

Method for depth-resolved quantitation of optical properties in layered media using spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy

Method for depth-resolved quantitation of optical properties in layered media using spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy

Three‐dimensional multiphoton/optical coherence tomography for diagnostic applications in dermatology

Modeling the Interaction of Terahertz Pulse With Healthy Skin and Basal Cell Carcinoma Using the Unconditionally Stable Fundamental Adi-FDTD Method

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