<i>In Vivo</i> Natural-Abundance <sup>13</sup>C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Living Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

Martin, Francis; Canet, Daniel; Marchal, J. P.; Brondeau, J.

doi:10.1104/pp.75.1.151

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The spectral properties, including 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR data, were identical to those previously reported in the literature (Martin et al, 1984;Mahato & Kundu, 1994;De-Eknamkul & Potduang, 2003;Lima et al, 2004). Compounds 1 and 2 are oleanane triterpenes and compound 3 is friedooleanane triterpene.…”

Section: Compounds Isolationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia

Cota¹,

Johann²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Organic extracts from leaves and stems of Stillingia oppositifolia Baill. ex Müll. Arg., Euphorbiaceae, were screened for antifungal and cytotoxic properties. The extracts presented Minimum Inhibitory Concentration values around 250 μg.mL -1 against Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis, and around 63 μg.mL -1 for Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. They were tested on three human cell lines (UACC-62, MCF-7, and TK-10), disclosing GI50 values, (concentration able to inhibit 50% of the cell growth) ranging from 50 to 100 μg.mL -1 . Organic extract from stems furnished hexanic, dichloromethanic and aqueous phases after partition. Chromatographic fractionation of the hexanic soluble phase of the stems yielded aleuritolic acid 3-acetate, β-sitosterol, 3-epi-β-amyrin, β-amyrone and palmitic acid. These compounds showed antifungal and cytotoxic activities in the same range as the organic crude extract and low toxic effect against mononuclear cells obtained from human peripheral blood. This is the first report on chemical and biological potential of S. oppositifolia.

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Section: Compounds Isolationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia

Cota¹,

Johann²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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“…Most vascular plants, except for a few droughtresistant plants, are unable to produce trehalose (37). The presence of trehalose has been evidenced in all kinds of mycorrhizas, including vesicular and arbuscular endomycorrhizas (1,46), arbutoid endomycorrhizas or orchids (19), and ectomycorrhizas (21,33,39). Furthermore, trehalose is the most abundant carbohydrate accumulated in the mycelium of L. bicolor in pure culture (4,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and Genotypic Fingerprinting of Fluorescent Pseudomonads Associated with the Douglas Fir-Laccaria bicolor Mycorrhizosphere

Frey¹,

Frey‐Klett²,

Garbaye³

et al. 1997

Appl Environ Microbiol

143

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A collection of 300 isolates of fluorescent pseudomonads was established from Douglas fir-Laccaria bicolor mycorrhizas and mycorrhizosphere and from adjacent bulk soil. These isolates were first phenotypically characterized with the Biolog method. Taxonomic identification assigned 90% of the isolates to the different biovars of Pseudomonas fluorescens, with inverted frequencies of biovars V and I from the bulk soil to the mycorrhizas, suggesting that the mycorrhizas exert a selective stimulation of the P. fluorescens bv. I and a counterselection of the P. fluorescens bv. V present in the soil. Multivariate analyses of the carbon source utilization data led to the definition of homogenous metabolic groups and to the identification of the most discriminating substrates for each group. The isolates from the mycorrhizosphere and from the mycorrhizas seem to preferentially utilize carbohydrates, in particular trehalose, which is the most abundant carbohydrate accumulated in the mycelium of L. bicolor. The results suggest that L. bicolor exerts a trehalose-mediated selection on the fluorescent pseudomonads present in the vicinity of the mycorrhizas. Isolates of P. fluorescens from the mycorrhizosphere and mycorrhizas were then genotypically characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR DNA fingerprinting. Both methods revealed a high genetic polymorphism within the population studied, which was well correlated with the phenotypic characterization.

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“…Moreover, it was demonstrated to be involved in the growth‐promoting effect of a MHB strain of Pseudomonas monteilii on the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus albus in a two‐compartment plate assay (Duponnois & Kisa, 2006): P. monteilii significantly increased fungal growth when cultivated on a minimal medium amended with trehalose, while none of the other seven organic compounds tested produced the same effect. Finally, we recently observed that the biofilm‐forming MHB strain P. fluorescens BBc6R8 is chemoattracted by trehalose as well as by the mycelium of L. bicolor (unpublished results), which was proved to accumulate trehalose in its hyphae (Martin et al ., 1984). Therefore, we can now hypothesize that fungal metabolites, such as trehalose, secreted from fungal cells, can facilitate the colonization of the hyphae and the formation of MHB biofilms on them.…”

Section: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications Of Mhbmentioning

confidence: 96%

The mycorrhiza helper bacteria revisited

2007

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Contents Summary 22 Introduction 23 Evidence for the occurrence of MHB 23 Ecological and evolutionary implications of MHB 23 The question of MHB specificity 27 Mechanisms of the MHB effect 28 Role of MHB in mycorrhizal functions 31 Conclusions and research priorities 32 References 33 Summary In natural conditions, mycorrhizal fungi are surrounded by complex microbial communities, which modulate the mycorrhizal symbiosis. Here, the focus is on the so‐called ‘mycorrhiza helper bacteria’ (MHB). This concept is revisited, and the distinction is made between the helper bacteria, which assist mycorrhiza formation, and those that interact positively with the functioning of the symbiosis. After considering some examples of MHB from the literature, the ecological and evolutionary implications of the relationships of MHB with mycorrhizal fungi are discussed. The question of the specificity of the MHB effect is addressed, and an assessment is made of progress in understanding the mechanisms of the MHB effect, which has been made possible through the development of genomics. Finally, clear evidence is presented suggesting that some MHB promote the functioning of the mycorrhizal symbiosis. This is illustrated for three critical functions of practical significance: nutrient mobilization from soil minerals, fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, and protection of plants against root pathogens. The review concludes with discussion of future research priorities regarding the potentially very fruitful concept of MHB.

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In Vivo Natural-Abundance ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Living Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia

Metabolic and Genotypic Fingerprinting of Fluorescent Pseudomonads Associated with the Douglas Fir-Laccaria bicolor Mycorrhizosphere

The mycorrhiza helper bacteria revisited

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In Vivo Natural-Abundance 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Living Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia

Metabolic and Genotypic Fingerprinting of Fluorescent Pseudomonads Associated with the Douglas Fir-Laccaria bicolor Mycorrhizosphere

The mycorrhiza helper bacteria revisited

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In Vivo Natural-Abundance ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Living Ectomycorrhizal Fungi