<i>In Vivo</i>Studies of Bone Grafts: The Possibility of Vascular Anastomoses in Healing Bone

Albrektsson, Tomas

doi:10.3109/17453678008990763

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In contrast, M16 showed an increase in vascular density, being significantly less than for M18 on day 6, but finally reaching the density of M18 on day 12. The high vascular density of M18 at day 6 may be due to de novo synthesis of blood vessels and/or the recruitment of pre-existing donor-derived vascular network of the graft by end-to-end anastomoses (inosculation) (Albrektsson 1980). The significantly earlier appearance of first signs of angiogenesis in M18 provides experimental evidence that preexisting vessels of fresh osteochondral isografts may have contributed to graft vascularization by inosculation, while nonvascularized grafts need to build up their vascular system exclusively by active de novo synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As evidenced by intravital microscopy, angiogenesis precedes osteogenesis (Albrektsson andAlbrektsson 1978, Albrektsson 1980), representing an important event for the viability and incorporation of bone (Burchardt 1987). Experimental studies have shown that rapidly vascularized bone grafts retain their viability and demonstrate improved incorporation (Puckett et al 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Potential role of pre-existing blood vessels for vascularization and mineralization of osteochondral graftsAn intravital microscopic study in mice

Rothenfluh

Demhartner

Fraitzl

et al. 2004

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Background The aim of this study was to develop an experimental model that allows to elude the potential role of the preexisting graft microvasculature for vascularization and mineralization of osteochondral grafts.Animals and methods For that purpose, the II-IV metatarsals of fetal DDY-mice known to be nonvascularized at day 16 of gestation (M16) but vascularized at day 18 (M18) were freshly transplanted into dorsal skin fold chambers of adult DDY mice. Using intravital microscopy angiogenesis, leukocyte-endothelium interaction and mineralization were assessed for 12 days.Results Angiogenesis occurred at 32 hours in M18, but not before 57 hours in M16 (p = 0.002), with perfusion of these vessels at 42 hours (p = 0.005) and 65 hours (p = 0.1), respectively. Vessels reached a density three times as high as that of the recipient site at day 6, remaining constant until day 12 in M18, whereas in M16 vascular density increased from day 6 and reached that of M18 at day 12 (p = 0.04). Leukocyte-endothelium interaction showed sticker counts elevated by a factor of 4-5 in M18 as compared to M16. Mineralization of osteochondral grafts did not differ between M16 and M18, which significantly increased in both groups throughout the observation period.Interpretation We propose the faster kinetics in the angiogenic response to M18 and the elevated counts of sticking leukocytes to rest on the potential of establishing end-to-end anastomoses (inosculation) of the vascularized graft with recipient vessels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential role of pre-existing blood vessels for vascularization and mineralization of osteochondral graftsAn intravital microscopic study in mice

Rothenfluh

Demhartner

Fraitzl

et al. 2004

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…The practice of medicine in orthopedic surgery has included bone regeneration since the earliest bone grafts and bone marrow transfers nearly a century ago [1,2,3,4,5,6]. More recently, the disciplines of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have permitted systematic evaluation of combinations of scaffolds or graft materials with stem and progenitor cells (either implanted with the graft or [7,8] recruited naturally from nearby tissues) [9,10,11,12], and growth factors for the purpose of directed tissue formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Term Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Commercial Osteoconductive Carriers Provides Unique Insights into Biocompatibility

Murphy¹,

Suzuki²,

Sand³

et al. 2013

JCM

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For spinal fusions and the treatment of non-union fractures, biological substrates, scaffolds, or carriers often are applied as a graft to support regeneration of bone. The selection of an appropriate material critically influences cellular function and, ultimately, patient outcomes. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are regarded as a critical component of bone healing. However, the interactions of BMSCs and commercial bone matrices are poorly reported. BMSCs were cultured with several commercially available bone substrates (allograft, demineralized bone matrix (DBM), collagen, and various forms of calcium phosphates) for 48 h to understand their response to graft materials during surgical preparation and the first days following implantation (cell retention, gene expression, pH). At 30 and 60 min, bone chips and inorganic substrates supported significantly more cell retention than other materials, while collagen-containing materials became soluble and lost their structure. At 48 h, cells bound to β-tricalcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite (βTCP-HA) and porous hydroxyapatite (HA) granules exhibited osteogenic gene expression statistically similar to bone chips. Through 24 h, the DBM strip and βTCP-collagen became mildly acidic (pH 7.1–7.3), while the DBM poloxamer-putties demonstrated acidity (pH < 5) and the bioglass-containing carrier became basic (pH > 10). The dissolution of DBM and collagen led to a loss of cells, while excessive pH changes potentially diminish cell viability and metabolism. Extracts from DBM-poloxamers induced osteogenic gene expression at 48 h. This study highlights the role that biochemical and structural properties of biomaterials play in cellular function, potentially enhancing or diminishing the efficacy of the overall therapy.

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“…The development of vascularization is considered mandatory for osteogenesis (Trueta 1963, Albrektsson 1980. This conception was confirmed in studies with periosteal grafts in muscle tissue (Poussa 1980).…”

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confidence: 53%

Differentiation of the Osteochondrogenic Cells of the Periosteum in Chondrotrophic Environment

Poussa

Rubak

Ritsilä

1981

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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In VivoStudies of Bone Grafts: The Possibility of Vascular Anastomoses in Healing Bone

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Potential role of pre-existing blood vessels for vascularization and mineralization of osteochondral graftsAn intravital microscopic study in mice

Potential role of pre-existing blood vessels for vascularization and mineralization of osteochondral graftsAn intravital microscopic study in mice

Short Term Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Commercial Osteoconductive Carriers Provides Unique Insights into Biocompatibility

Differentiation of the Osteochondrogenic Cells of the Periosteum in Chondrotrophic Environment

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