In Vivo Toxicity Studies of Chitosan-Coated Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomplex for Its Application as MRI Contrast Dye

Abstract

Cobalt ferrite nanoparticle (CFN) has received attention in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a promising contrast agent due to its higher saturation magnetization and magneto-crystalline anisotropy. However, the in vitro cytotoxicity of CFN has raised concern for its biomedical application as a diagnostic agent. The coating of CFN by a biocompatible polymer such as chitosan (CH) might lessen the biocompatibility concern. Therefore, in this study, we examined the applicability of chitosan-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticle (CCN) as an MRI contrast dye and investigated its biocompatibility in vivo. Phantom MRI images revealed that the relaxivity of CCN was 121 (±8) mM–1s–1, indicating the potential of CCN as a T 2-weighted contrast agent. A single intravenous (iv) administration of CCN (10 mg/kg) improved the contrast of magnetic-resonance-imaging-based angiography (MRA) and brain-MRI in male albino Wistar rats compared to the control. Furthermore, toxicity studies dependent on dose (1–20 mg/kg) and time (1–28 days) in male albino Wistar rats confirmed the in vivo biocompatibility of CCN. The physical, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological observation assured that a single iv injection of CCN up to 20 mg/kg was well adjusted with liver, kidney, heart, and brain functions. The findings of the current study consolidate CCN as a promising candidate for MRI contrast dye.

Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan-Polyethylene Glycol (Ch-Peg) Based Hydrogels and Evaluation of Their Potency in Rat Skin Wound Model

“…e presence of Ge and G did not change the degradation behavior compared to X hybrid hydrogels (0.11 versus 0.10 of their initial weight). However, when chitosan and polyethylene glycol were added with boric acid, the composite hydrogels (i.e., X : Ge : B : Ch : G, X : Ge : B : Peg : G and X : Ge : B : Peg : Ch : G) showed a tendency to decrease the degradation, which might happen due to cross-linking density [44].…”

“…e tendency of hydrogels to swell is critical in wound dressings because it influences the wound's potential to withstand a specific amount of exudate and maintain a humid environment at the wound site [42,43]. Figure 3 illustrates that the swelling ratio of all hydrogels varied from 3.89 to 6.98 after 16 hours, indicating that they are suitable for topical treatment [44]. e swelling ratio of hydrogels manufactured from X was 6.98.…”

Biopolymer and Biomaterial Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanomaterials as Prostate Cancer Theranostic Agents: A Comprehensive Review

“…Martin et al developed a magnetic resonance imaging probe for PCa diagnosis [56]. The probes were conjugated with pan-bombesin analog [b-Ala11, Phe13, Nle14] bombesin- (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and dye-functionalized superparamagnetic IONPs. These peptide-functionalized IONPs were specifically bound and selectively taken up by PC-3 cells through GRP receptors.…”

“…Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed and the leading cause of death in men all over the world [1,2]. According to the American Chemical Society, over 0.6 million men died of PCa while Symmetry 2021, 13, 974 2 of 23 approximately 1.8 million men were diagnosed in 2020 [3]. It is predicted that the number of new cases and deaths associated with PCa will be approximately 2.3 and 0.74 million globally, respectively by 2040 [4].…”

“…Additionally, mp-MRI using gadolinium (Gd) could detect transition zone and peripheral lesions of PCa [11]. However, Gd was found to be nephrotoxic and could not be used in liver-transplanted patients [13]. Furthermore, DRE is frequently used for the diagnosis of PCa; however, this method frequently provides false positive results [14].…”