In Vivo Toxicological Analysis of the ZnFe₂O₄@poly(tBGE-alt-PA) Nanocomposite: A Study on Fruit Fly

Abstract

Recently, the use of hybrid nanomaterials (NMs)/nanocomposites has widely increased for the health, energy, and environment sectors due to their improved physicochemical properties and reduced aggregation behavior. However, prior to their use in such sectors, it is mandatory to study their toxicological behavior in detail. In the present study, a ZnFe 2 O 4 @poly(tBGE-alt-PA) nanocomposite is tested to study its toxicological effects on a fruit fly model. This nanocomposite was synthesized earlier by our group and physicochemically characterized using different techniques. In this study, various neurological, developmental, genotoxic, and morphological tests were carried out to investigate the toxic effects of nanocomposite on Drosophila melanogaster. As a result, an abnormal crawling speed of third instar larvae and a change in the climbing behavior of treated flies were observed, suggesting a neurological disorder in the fruit flies. DAPI and DCFH-DA dyes analyzed the abnormalities in the larva's gut of fruit flies. Furthermore, the deformities were also seen in the wings and eyes of the treated flies. These obtained results suggested that the ZnFe 2 O 4 @poly(tBGE-alt-PA) nanocomposite is toxic to fruit flies. Moreover, this is essential to analyze the toxicity of this hybrid NM again in a rodent model in the future.

Biofilm Inhibition on Medical Devices and Implants Using Carbon Dots: An Updated Review

“…Titanium-, gold-, silver-, and copper-based nanoparticles have been widely analyzed for antibacterial and antibiofilm effectiveness . These metal-oxide nanoparticles enter the cell mostly via electrostatic attraction, accumulate, and lead to ROS generation causing cell membrane disruption, protein photo-oxidation, and inhibition of enzyme activity and generating superoxide radicals. − Though metal nanoparticles of gold, silver, titanium oxide, and zinc oxide have shown good antimicrobial properties, concerns about their biocompatibility , have limited their use, and carbon-based nanomaterials are being greatly explored. , After the accidental discovery of CDs in 2004, these minuscule particles have gained considerable attention because of their superior optical properties, photostability, aqueous solubility, and biocompatibility. ,− CDs are zero-dimensional quantum dots with a size below 10 nm comprising a carbon core and a surface passivation layer. The carbon in the core structure is either sp 2 or sp 3 hybridized carbon.…”