Alambeta:The thermo physiological properties of the nonwoven fabrics were determined by using the Alambeta and Permetest instruments (Sensora Instruments, Czech Republic). The Alambeta instrument provides values for thermal conductivity, thermal resistance (insulation), thermal absorptivity (warmth-to-touch), fabric thickness and thermal diffusivity as shown in Figure 1. The test instrument was used to analyse the transient and steady state thermo physical properties of the fabrics. The specimens of 20cm×20cm were prepared and placed in between two plates. With the two plates the heat flow through the fabric due to the different temperature of the bottom measuring plate (at ambient temperature) and the top measuring plate which is heated to 40˚C. The thermal absorptivity of the textile structure is a measure of the amount of heat conducted away from structure's surface per unit time (1). The test was performed on the dry and wet states of the nonwoven fabrics which were wetted with 0.2ml of distilled water in the centre of the fabrics and allowed 4 minutes before retesting, in order to allow for the thermal recovery of the fabric. All the tests were carried out on both faces of each specimen and the mean values were calculated. 1,2Permatest: The water vapour permeability and the resistance to evaporative heat loss of the fabrics were tested by using the Permetest Instrument, Sensora Instruments, and Czech Republic in Figure 2. This instrument is based on the skin model, which simulates dry and wet human skin surface in terms of its moisture, water vapour and evaporative heat permeation. The instrument uses the same principle as specified in ISO 11092 developed by Hohenstein Institute, whereby a heated porous membrane is used to simulate the sweating skin. The heat required for the water to evaporate from the membrane, with and without a fabric covering, is measured (1). A heated porous membrane is used to simulate sweating skin. A current of air removes the micro-climate that develops above the surface of the membrane. The heat required evaporating the water from the membrane with and without a test fabric covering is measured. The fabric produces resistance to evaporation and therefore less heat is required. The results are used to calculate the relative water vapour permeability as a percentage of the control test without the fabric covering, and the resistance to evaporative heat loss in m 2 PaW -1 . The specimens that were used for measuring the thermal properties in the Alambeta instrument were also used for testing on the Permatest apparatus.
AbstractA novel concept, based on collagen boosting agent treatment, has been explored in this study, wherein the developed nonwoven structures were treated with two different collagen promoting agents Vitamin C and zinc oxide (ZnO) at 0.5% and 3% levels by using a spray method. With the rapid demand of modern and smart wound dressings, it is vital that an effort has to be made to develop novel wound dressings by making use of known collagen promoting agents to enhan...