<i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> increases mucus thickness and ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium‐induced colitis in mice

Ahl, David; Liu, Haoyu; Schreiber, Olof; Roos, Stefan; Phillipson, Mia; Holm, Lena

doi:10.1111/apha.12695

Cited by 145 publications

(120 citation statements)

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“…The colon houses trillions of commensal bacteria and allows a symbiotic relationship between host and microbes. We and others have identified a mucus layer that is firmly adhering to the epithelium in rats and mice in vivo, where it serves as a functional barrier . This firmly adherent mucus layer has also been shown by ex vivo measurements and histology of human colonic biopsies .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…To maintain gut homeostasis, the majority of the microbiota should be kept at a distance from the epithelium, which is enabled by the bilayer of mucus . We were the first to describe this mucus bilayer, using an in vivo rat and mouse model developed in our laboratory . This model allows for studies of mucus thickness, dynamics, and regulation during health or inflammatory disease, as well as the impact of different diets .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

Liu

Waldén

Ahl

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope Emerging evidence suggests that high‐fat diet (HFD) is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis and related disorders. Bilberry is a prebiotic food component with known health benefits. Herein, the dynamics of the colonic mucus layer and microbiome during HFD and bilberry supplementation are addressed. Methods and results The effects on colonic mucus thickness in vivo and gut microbiota composition (Illumina sequencing, quantitative real‐time PCR) are investigated in young rats fed a low‐fat diet or HFD with or without bilberries for 8 weeks (n = 8). HFD induced significant local colonic effects, despite no observed weight gain or systemic inflammation, as HFD causes epithelial upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which is counteracted by bilberry. The firmly adherent mucus layer becomes thicker and the mRNA levels of Muc2 and Tff3 are increased by HFD with or without bilberry. In parallel, HFD reduced the colonic abundance of mucolytic bacterial species Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides spp. Finally, bilberry prevents HFD‐induced microbiota dysbiosis, including expansion of pathobionts, for example, Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion HFD expand firmly adherent mucus thickness and reduce mucus‐foraging bacteria populations in the colon prior to obesity. Enriching HFD with bilberry protects against intestinal inflammation and marked microbiota encroachment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

Liu

Waldén

Ahl

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Moreover, Ahl et al [57] have demonstrated a reduction in colonic inflammation in C57Bl/6 mice using Lactobacillus reuteri R2LC and 5659. This study suggests that these two specific probiotic strains were also able to maintain a thicker, firmly adherent mucus layer compared to the control group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a probiotic beverage consumption (Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707) in rats with chemically induced colitis

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSome probiotic strains have the potential to assist in relieving the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. The impact of daily ingestion of a soy-based product fermented by Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus helveticus 416 with the addition of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 on chemically induced colitis has been investigated thereof within a period of 30 days.MethodsColitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium. The animals were randomly assigned into five groups: Group C: negative control; Group CL: positive control; Group CLF: DSS with the fermented product; Group CLP: DSS with the non-fermented product (placebo); Group CLS: DSS with sulfasalazine. The following parameters were monitored: disease activity index, fecal microbial analyses, gastrointestinal survival of probiotic microorganisms and short-chain fatty acids concentration in the feces. At the end of the protocol the animals’ colons were removed so as to conduct a macroscopical and histopathological analysis, cytokines and nitrite quantification.ResultsAnimals belonging to the CLF group showed fewer symptoms of colitis during the induction period and a lower degree of inflammation and ulceration in their colon compared to the CL, CLS and CLP groups (p<0.05). The colon of the animals in groups CL and CLS presented severe crypt damage, which was absent in CLF and CLP groups. A significant increase in the population of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. at the end of the protocol was verified only in the CLF animals (p<0.05). This group also showed an increase in short-chain fatty acids (propionate and acetate). Furthermore, the intestinal survival of E. faecium CRL 183 and B. longum ATCC 15707 in the CLF group has been confirmed by biochemical and molecular analyzes.ConclusionsThe obtained results suggest that a regular intake of the probiotic product, and placebo to a lesser extent, can reduce the severity of DSS-induced colitis on rats.

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“…The results of this previous report and the present study suggest that L. reuteri is an indigenous L. plantarum ‐SGB. Various healthy functional effects of L. reuteri have been reported in mice, such as anti‐inflammatory, anti‐allergic, hypocholesterolemic, and hypolipidemic effects (Ahl et al, ; Gao et al, ; Karimi e al., ; Lee et al, ; Taranto, Medici, Perdigon, Ruiz Holgado, & Valdez, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dicksved et al () reported that selected L. reuteri strains maintain a functional mucosal barrier against mucus layer dysfunction following DSS treatment in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Furthermore, selected L. reuteri strains increased mucus thickness in a DSS‐induced model of colitis in C57BL/6 mice (Ahl, Liu, Schreider, Roos, Phillipson, & Holm, ). These reports suggest that oral administration of probiotics and functional compounds, including prebiotics, can inhibit lifestyle‐related and chronic diseases with the indigenous‐sensitive gut bacteria (SGB), such as L. reuteri , in mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of gut Lactobacillus reuteri in normal ICR mice by oral administration of L. plantarum AN1

et al. 2018

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To clarify the existence of indigenous intestinal gut bacteria sensitive to orally administered probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria, the effects of live and heat‐killed Lactobacillus plantarum AN1 cells, administered to normal ICR mice via drinking water were observed. Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rDNA (V4) of caecal contents revealed that the live AN1 cells increased the abundance of an indigenous sensitive gut bacterium (SGB) Lactobacillus reuteri. From faecal samples, five typical dominant colonies were detected on BL agar. Among the typical colonies, smooth brown colonies were detected only in mice fed live AN1 cells, and small brown colonies with a black centre were detected in mice fed live and heat‐killed AN1 cells. These two colony types were determined to be L. plantarum and L. reuteri, respectively. Three other typical dominant colonies were detected in all mouse groups, and were determined to be Lactobacillus intestinalis, Lactobacillus gasseri, and L. reuteri, respectively. These results suggest that non‐dominant L. reuteri is an L. plantarum‐SGB in ICR mice. Practical applications The non‐dominant L. reuteri is an L. plantarum‐SGB in ICR mice, and it is possible to demonstrate functionality with orally administered probiotics. Isolation and application of human or livestock SGB is considered promising for the development of new functional foods.

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Lactobacillus reuteri increases mucus thickness and ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium‐induced colitis in mice

Cited by 145 publications

References 35 publications

High‐Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

High‐Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

Effect of a probiotic beverage consumption (Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707) in rats with chemically induced colitis

Induction of gut Lactobacillus reuteri in normal ICR mice by oral administration of L. plantarum AN1

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