Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Ameliorated Long-Term Exposure to TiO₂ Nanoparticles Induced Microbiota-Mediated Liver and Colon Inflammation and Fructose-Caused Metabolic Abnormality in Metabolism Syndrome Mice

Abstract

A huge number of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) exist in confectionery foods, which is a high-risk factor for development of diet-induced metabolism syndrome (MetS). In this study, we built a high fructose drinking-induced MetS mouse model, and oral intake of 20 mg/kg TiO 2 NPs was administered for 8 weeks. Significant pathological changes and inflammatory factors of overproduction were detected in the liver and colon. The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis results indicated that TiO 2 NPs evidently and further perturbed the gut microbiota diversity, compositions, and KEGG pathways in MetS mice. Fecal microbiota transplant experiment proved that TiO 2 NPs-altered gut microbiota drives liver and colon inflammation damage. More importantly, oral supplementation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) ameliorated not only the TiO 2 NPs-induced inflammation but also the fructose-caused metabolic abnormality. LGG recovered the gut dysbiosis and decreased the abundance of inflammation-related bacteria (Desulfovibrionaceae, Clostridia, and Proteobacteria), thereby protecting against TiO 2 NPs-induced severe inflammation damage. Our study suggests the necessity of assessing the toxic effects of foodborne nanoparticles on the chronic disease population and potential usefulness of probiotics as prophylactic and therapeutic.

Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12 Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation and Colon Cancer Symptoms by Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Metabolites of C57BL/6 Mice Treated by Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt

“…Desulfovibrionaceae is one sulfate-reducing bacteria and produces metabolites H 2 S [ 28 ]. A number of studies showed that Desulfovibrionaceae could induce inflammation, injury gut mucosa, and decrease of colon barrier function [ 20 , 29 , 30 ]. Similarly, Luo et al reported that the relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae was found to increase in the AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer mice and decrease due to the treatment of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide [ 13 ].…”

Zinc Oxide Particles Can Cause Ovarian Toxicity by Oxidative Stress in Female Mice Model

“…Total RNA from the ovary was isolated and reverse transcribed into cDNA according to the techniques described in the previous work. 29 Primer Express Software (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) was used to design the primers, which were then manufactured by TSINGKE Biological Technology (Beijing, China). Table S1 contains the primer sequences.…”

Biotechnological Processes Simulating the Natural Fermentation Process of Bee Bread and Therapeutic Properties—An Overview

“…According to the results presented in previous studies, in 2011, Fuenmayor et al assessed the conditions required for a better BP fermentation from Columbia. Their results showed the possibility to use L. acidophilus inoculum in a matrix of BP to induce lactic fermentation and generate a probiotic product with additional functional characteristics, which might be used as a protein food supplement suitable for human consumption or as an ingredient in the development of other functional foods ( 98 ).…”