Leonurus cardiaca L. as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: An Update of the European Medicines Agency Assessment Report (2010)

Abstract

Leonurus cardiaca L. (motherwort) is a perennial herb, native to Asia and southeastern Europe, with widespread global occurrence in present days. The plant was historically used as cardiotonic and for treating gynaecological afflictions (such as amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menopausal anxiety, or postpartum depression). Although its use in oriental and occidental medicine is relatively well documented, the recent progress registered raises the need for an update of the Medicines Agency assessment report on Leonurus cardiaca L., herba (2010). The current study presents the progress made within the 2010-2018 timeframe regarding the potential applications and scientific evidences supporting the traditional use of motherwort, in the same time suggesting future research opportunities.

Polarimetry and Dynamic Light Scattering in Quality Control of Cardiotonic and Hypotensive Tinctures

“…The literature provides significant scientific data on the study of the chemical composition of motherwort herb (Leonurus cardiaca L.) [1,13,14], root/rhizome of valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) [2], fruit, leaves with flowers of hawthorn (Crataegus genus) [3]. For example, the structures of about 300 substances have been isolated and determined from the motherwort (Leonurus genus) [13,14]. They are represented by alkaloids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, iridoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, steroids, cyclic peptides, etc.…”

An analytical framework combining online high‐performance liquid chromatography methodologies and biological properties of different extracts of Leonurus cardiaca

“…In the genus Leonurus, various secondary metabolites have been unearthed, with L. cardiaca being short out in particular. Among these, flavonoids [9], phenylethanoid glycosides [11], iridoids, labdane diterpenes [12], guanidine pseudoalkaloids [13], alkaloids [2,7], and essential oils [7,14] are prominent. Fleming et al showed that L. cardiaca effectively increases lactoperoxidase's ability to produce hypothiocyanite, which plays a vital role in inflammation [8].…”

“…Leonurus cardiaca, commonly known as motherwort, is a perennial herb that belongs to the mint family (Lamiaceae) [1,2]. It is native to regions in Asia and southeastern Europe but has now achieved widespread distribution globally [2]. Throughout history, this plant has served various purposes, including its use as a cardiotonic agent and for addressing gynecological and abdominal issues [2][3][4].…”

“…Motherwort finds application as a culinary ingredient in certain cuisines, notably as a flavor enhancer in various vegetable soup formulations, particularly those featuring lentils or split peas. Additionally, it imparts its distinct essence to beverages like beer and tea, thereby augmenting the potential for wider public consumption of this botanical remedy [2]. Scientific studies confirm its antioxidant, antimicrobial [5,6], angiogenic [7], anti-inflammatory [8,9], and anticancer [10] properties; furthermore, since the ancient time, L. cardiaca was beneficial for treating nervous [4] and cough disorders [5].…”

“…It is native to regions in Asia and southeastern Europe but has now achieved widespread distribution globally [2]. Throughout history, this plant has served various purposes, including its use as a cardiotonic agent and for addressing gynecological and abdominal issues [2–4]. While comprehensive documentation exists regarding the utilization of motherwort in both oriental and occidental medical practices, its scope extends beyond traditional medicinal purposes.…”