<i>Lipoptena cervi</i> (deer ked) in two naturally infested dogs

Hermosilla, Carlos; Pantchev, N.; Bachmann, Raúl Alvarado; Bauer, Christian

doi:10.1136/vr.159.9.286

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Sporadycznie muchówki te były stwierdzane również u ssaków drapieżnych, tj. borsuka, psa i lisa (19,25,33).…”

Section: Biologia I Opis Gatunków Pasożytówunclassified

“…Na ataki narzępikowatych narażone są również psy przebywające na obszarach leśnych, w tym szczególnie psy myśliwskie. Pasożyty mogą przebywać na ich skórze przed długi czas, powodując zmiany zapalne (19). Dotychczas nie zostały opracowane skuteczne metody zwalczania narzępikowatych w środowisku ani ograniczania ich inwazji u jeleniowatych.…”

Section: Znaczenie Narzępikowatychunclassified

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Biodivesity and importance of hippoboscids infection in cervids

Kowal

Nosal

Kornas

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The present paper focuses on three species belonging to the family Hippoboscidae: Hippobosca equina, Lipoptena cervi and L. fortisetosa – haematophagus ectoparasites typical of cervids. In Europe, the forest flies (H. equina) are observed mainly in horses and cattle, but the primary host of this parasite is the red deer (Cervus elaphus). The host group of deer keds Lipoptena sp. include different ruminant species belonging to Cervidae (moose, red deer, sika deer, fallow deer, roe deer and maral) and Bovidae family (mouflon, european bison, cattle, sheep and goat). Furthermore, some species of carnivores (European badger, dog and red fox) can be accidental hosts. The presence of adult hippoboscid flies in the environment shows strong seasonality. One or two generations of H. equina occurs from May to October. The alate forms of univoltine Lipoptena cervi and probably multivoltine L. fortisetosa appear from August to September, and from June to September, respectively. During warm autumns, both species can be observed in late October, or even November. Hippobosca equina and Lipoptena cervi are native species, unlike the foreign L. fortisetosa. This Asian species was noted in Europe for the first time in the 1960s, and has rapidly spread in numerous countries. The most probable way of L. fortisetosa introduction to Europe was translocation via host (probably sika deer), or natural dispersion throughout Eurasia. Therefore L. fortisetosa should be treated as an alien invasive species in Poland and Europe. Interest in these three neglected dipteran species has increased after reports of their veterinary and medical importance. All these parasite species are able to attack humans. Bites of these insects are considered painful, cause skin lesions with the presence of characteristic persistent pruritic papules, and, in extreme cases, may result in an anaphylactic reaction. Hippoboscids can play a role in the transmission of bacterial pathogens, including Anaplasma and Bartonella genera, dangerous for humans and animals. Permanent and intensive attacks on humans, during the seasonal mass occurrence of these parasites, can hinder forestry work, as well as harvesting, recreation, and hunting activities in forested areas.

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“…Sporadycznie muchówki te były stwierdzane również u ssaków drapieżnych, tj. borsuka, psa i lisa (19,25,33).…”

Section: Biologia I Opis Gatunków Pasożytówunclassified

Section: Znaczenie Narzępikowatychunclassified

Biodivesity and importance of hippoboscids infection in cervids

Kowal

Nosal

Kornas

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…cervi attacks not only moose in Finland, but also other mammals, including humans , dogs and horses (personal observations; see also Andersson 1985;Hermosilla et al 2006), but these latter hosts barely support the long-term maintenance of adults. Thus, it is unlikely that females would discriminate against any cervid.…”

Section: Patterns Of Host Use and Quality Of The Auxiliary Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Successful reproduction has also been reported on the wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) in Finland (Kaunisto et al 2009) and on the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in North America (Matsumoto et al 2008). L. cervi females readily attack any potential host (Ivanov 1974;Andersson 1985;Hermosilla et al 2006;Kortet et al 2010), but the importance of other cervids besides the moose is ambiguous, and thus these other species are predominantly considered as auxiliary hosts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Geographical variation in host use of a blood-feeding ectoparasitic fly: implications for population invasiveness

Välimäki

Kaitala

Madslien³

et al. 2011

Oecologia

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Invasive generalist ectoparasites provide a tool to study factors affecting expansion rates. An increase in the number of host species may facilitate geographic range expansion by increasing the number of suitable habitats and by affecting local extinction and colonization rates. A geographic perspective on parasite host specificity and its implications on range expansion are, however, insufficiently understood. We conducted a field study to explore if divergent host specificity could explain the observed variation in expansion rates between Fennoscandian populations of the deer ked (Lipoptena cervi), which is a blood-feeding ectoparasitic fly of cervids. We found that the rapidly expanding eastern population in Finland appears to specialize on moose, whereas the slowly expanding western population in Norway breeds successfully on both moose and roe deer. The eastern population was also found to utilize the wild forest reindeer as an auxiliary host, but this species is apparently of low value for L. cervi in terms of adult maintenance, reproductive output and offspring quality. Abundant numbers of roe deer and white-tailed deer were observed to be apparently uninfected in Finland, suggesting that host use is not a plastic response to host availability, but rather a consequence of population-level evolutionary changes. Locally compatible hosts were found to be the ones sharing a long history with the deer ked in the area. Cervids that sustained adult deer keds also allowed successful reproduction. Thus, host use is probably determined by the ability of the adult to exploit particular host species. We conclude that a wide host range alone does not account for the high expansion rate or wide geographic distribution of the deer ked, although loose ecological requirements would increase habitat availability.

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“…Bites by wingless parasitic adult individuals have been reported also on various other mammals (cf. Ivanov 1974) including humans (Rantanen et al 1982), dogs (Hermosilla et al 2006), horses (Andersson 1985), and even birds (Johnsen 1946). The known Central European breeding hosts (sensu Bequaert 1953) that support reproduction of L. cervi are the red deer (Cervus elaphus), the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and, to a lesser extent, the fallow deer (Dama dama;Haarløv 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fennoscandian distribution of an important parasite of cervids, the deer ked (Lipoptena cervi), revisited

et al. 2010

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The deer ked [Lipoptena cervi (L. 1758) (Dipt., Hippoboscidae)] is a blood-sucking ectoparasite of cervids. The species has been resident in Sweden for more than two centuries, whereas in Finland ( approximately 50 years) and Norway ( approximately 30 years), it has established itself relatively recently. L. cervi may cause serious health problems in its natural hosts, act as a vector for zoonotic diseases, and pose a socioeconomic threat to forest-based activity. In this paper, we review the distribution and former expansion of the species in Fennoscandia. The current distribution of L. cervi appears bimodal, and the geographical range expansion of the species shows notable differences across Fennoscandia. The western population in Norway and Sweden has its northern edge of range at respective latitudes of 61 degrees N and 62 degrees N, whereas the eastern population in Finland reaches 65 degrees N. The future expansion of L. cervi is dependent on several interdependent extrinsic and intrinsic factors. International multidisciplinary collaboration is needed to achieve a synthesis on the factors affecting expansion rates and to understand the effects of L. cervi on wildlife, human health, and the rural societies of Fennoscandia.

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Lipoptena cervi (deer ked) in two naturally infested dogs

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Biodivesity and importance of hippoboscids infection in cervids

Biodivesity and importance of hippoboscids infection in cervids

Geographical variation in host use of a blood-feeding ectoparasitic fly: implications for population invasiveness

Fennoscandian distribution of an important parasite of cervids, the deer ked (Lipoptena cervi), revisited

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