<i>Lophomonas blattarum</i> co-infection in a patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Thakur, C. L.; Verma, Satyadeep; Negi, R. S.; Kumar, Veerendra; Gupta, Sunita; Sharma, Vinay

doi:10.5588/ijtld.17.0322

Cited by 7 publications

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“…Few studies have examined the association of Lophomonas infection with other respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, allergies, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary abscess, tuberculosis, chronic cough, respiratory cysts, asthma, and bronchitis [ 5 , 11 , 15 , 16 ]. Of these, 21 cases of coinfection with lophomoniasis and tuberculosis have been reported so far [ 5 , 8 , 11 , 17 ]. However, in the present study, we showed that there is no significant relationship between lophomoniasis and tuberculosis ( P =0.63) and only in two cases with lophomoniasis and tuberculosis coinfection were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lophomonas infection is a respiratory disease in humans that is associated with symptoms of cough, sputum, dyspnea, and sometimes hemoptysis, which shows the importance of differentiating this disease from TB and asthma [ 7 , 8 ]. So far, human Lophomonas infection has been reported from two Iranian provinces in northern (Mazandaran, Sari) and eastern (Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad) Iran [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Occurrence of Emerged Lophomonas Infection among Patients Suspected of Having Pulmonary Tuberculosis: In-House PCR-Based Evidence

Kalani

Pangh

Nakhaei

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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Objectives. Lophomonas infection is a respiratory disease in humans that is associated with symptoms of cough, sputum, dyspnea, and sometimes hemoptysis, which shows the importance of differentiating this disease from tuberculosis and asthma. Methods. This study was performed on 216 participants suspected of having tuberculosis who had symptoms of fever, chronic cough, or sputum and were referred to tuberculosis laboratories in three cities in Golestan Province, northeastern Iran, during 2019-2020. A sputum sample was taken from the suspected patients. DNA was extracted from the frozen samples, and an in-house polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the Lophomonas DNA. Results. Out of 216 subjects, 47 (21.75%) were infected with Lophomonas spp. Moreover, 9 patients (4.2%) were infected with tuberculosis. Also, 2 patients had a comorbidity of tuberculosis and Lophomonas infection P = 0.63 . There was no significant difference in the comparison of symptoms and the rate of Lophomonas infection P = 0.84 , but in the comparison of the set of symptoms of cough, sputum, and fever with those of cough and sputum, cough with fever, sputum with fever, and the rate of Lophomonas infection, there was a significant difference P = 0.012 . Conclusions. Lophomonas infection was relatively high in patients suspected of having tuberculosis and due to the similar clinical symptoms of Lophomonas infection and tuberculosis; it is recommended that the sputum samples of subjects suspected of having tuberculosis be examined for this parasite in order to make a correct diagnosis and the patients receive timely treatment and the appropriate medication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Occurrence of Emerged Lophomonas Infection among Patients Suspected of Having Pulmonary Tuberculosis: In-House PCR-Based Evidence

Kalani

Pangh

Nakhaei

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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“…[1][2][3] Five cases have been reported from India so far. [3][4][5][6][7][8] To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report from South India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchopulmonary Infection by Lophomonas blattarum: A Case Report from South India

Ganesan

2024

The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences

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Aim and background: Lophomonas blattarum, a new flagellate protozoan has been implicated in bronchopulmonary infections. Since the 1990s, reports emerged from peoples Republic of China, followed by reports from other parts of the world too. Six cases have been reported from India so far. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report from South India. Case description: A 68-year-old female was hospitalized with symptoms of lower respiratory infection. Computed tomography (CT) thorax showed consolidation with cavitation and centrilobular nodules in the left upper lobe. Sputum Gram, Ziehl-Neilsen stain and bacterial culture did not reveal any etiology. Wet mount of broncho alveolar lavage revealed actively motile organisms with a polar tuft of flagella identified as L. blattarum. She was treated with intravenous metronidazole for a week and oral metronidazole 400 mg thrice daily for the next 3 weeks. The patient was symptomatically better after 2 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Parasites are deterred as a significant etiology of respiratory tract infections, and perception of L. blattarum builds a new element to this assumption. Through this report, we hope to raise awareness among the medical community about this emerging infection and consider it in differential diagnosis in appropriate case settings. Clinical significance:• Lophomonas blattarum is an unconventional and unusual pathogen causing bronchopulmonary infections.• It can be easily missed if not looked for.

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“…La presentación clínica de la infección broncopulmonar por LB es indistinguible de cualquier proceso que afecte a la vía respiratoria pues los signos y síntomas asemejan a síntomas comunes tales como fiebre, tos, disnea, entre otros, presentándose en un 35% de los pacientes eosinofilia, sin un rasgo característico en pruebas de imagen, variando entre nodulaciones pulmonares que se han reportado migratorias en casos aislados, cavitaciones, derrame pleural y abscesos. (2) El diagnostico se realiza mediante la observación bajo microscopia del parasito, ya sea en muestras de esputo, lavado broncoalveolar, cepillado bronquial, con un riesgo significativo de falsos positivos debido a la similitud que este parasito presenta con la célula ciliar bronquial, (3,4,5) Se presenta como caso un paciente adulto joven sin inmunodeficiencia conocida, y clínica respiratoria inespecífica, que acude por dolor torácico y tos, con diagnostico por observación de lophomona blatarrum en lavado broncoalveolar, siendo el primer caso reportado de infección broncopumonar por lophomona en el Ecuador.…”

Section: Introduccionunclassified

Infección broncopulmonar por lophomona blattarum en paciente inmunocompetente: primer reporte en Ecuador

Allauca¹,

Berrones²,

Guerrero³

et al. 2019

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El protozoo multiflagelado de nombre Lophomona blattarum (LB) es un potencial causante de infección broncopulmonar clínicamente significativa, pese a que es una infección rara del tracto respiratorio con clínica inespecífica, y con diagnóstico de difícil determinación basado en la visualización del parasito bajo microscopia, se han presentado un número considerable de casos alrededor del planeta. En el presente artículo se reporta el caso de un adulto joven sin compromiso de su inmunidad, que acude con sintomatología respiratoria variable, además de derrame pleural derecho y cavitación en el lóbulo superior derecho, que posterior a la realización de exámenes es diagnosticado de infección por Lophomona spp. Mediante visualización de dicho parasito en el lavado broncoalveolar, iniciándose tratamiento con metronidazol con mejoría clínica y radiológica.

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Lophomonas blattarum co-infection in a patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

High Occurrence of Emerged Lophomonas Infection among Patients Suspected of Having Pulmonary Tuberculosis: In-House PCR-Based Evidence

High Occurrence of Emerged Lophomonas Infection among Patients Suspected of Having Pulmonary Tuberculosis: In-House PCR-Based Evidence

Bronchopulmonary Infection by Lophomonas blattarum: A Case Report from South India

Infección broncopulmonar por lophomona blattarum en paciente inmunocompetente: primer reporte en Ecuador

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