<i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>populations in Sub-Saharan Africa are diverse and show signs of local adaptation

Onaga, Geoffrey; Suktrakul, Worawit; Wanjiku, M; Il, Quibod; Jd, Entfellner; Bigirimana, Joseph; Habarugira, Georges; Murori, Rosemary; Asea, Godfrey; Am, Ismail; Jantasuriyarat, Chatchawan; Oliva, Ricardo

doi:10.1101/2020.11.17.377325

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Multiple genetic lineages of the blast fungus are endemic to Africa causing destructive diseases on finger millet, rice, and other grasses [ 27 , 28 ]. The spread of the B71 clonal lineage to Africa raises the specter of sexual reproduction with endemic blast populations, which would further drive the evolutionary potential of the pandemic fungus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic surveillance uncovers a pandemic clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus

et al. 2023

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Wheat, one of the most important food crops, is threatened by a blast disease pandemic. Here, we show that a clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus recently spread to Asia and Africa following two independent introductions from South America. Through a combination of genome analyses and laboratory experiments, we show that the decade-old blast pandemic lineage can be controlled by the Rmg8 disease resistance gene and is sensitive to strobilurin fungicides. However, we also highlight the potential of the pandemic clone to evolve fungicide-insensitive variants and sexually recombine with African lineages. This underscores the urgent need for genomic surveillance to track and mitigate the spread of wheat blast outside of South America and to guide preemptive wheat breeding for blast resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic surveillance uncovers a pandemic clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus

et al. 2023

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“…Multiple genetic lineages of the blast fungus are endemic to Africa causing destructive diseases on finger millet, rice and other grasses (Manyasa et al 2019; Onaga et al 2020). The spread of the B71 clonal lineage to Africa raises the spectre of sexual reproduction with endemic blast populations, which would further drive the evolutionary potential of the pandemic fungus.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pandemic clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus

Latorre

Were

Foster

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Wheat, the most important food crop, is threatened by a blast disease pandemic. Here, we show that a clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus recently spread to Asia and Africa following two independent introductions from South America. Through a combination of genome analyses and laboratory experiments, we show that the decade-old blast pandemic lineage can be controlled by the Rmg8 disease resistance gene and is sensitive to strobilurin fungicides. However, we also highlight the potential of the pandemic clone to evolve fungicide-insensitive variants and sexually recombine with African lineages. This underscores the urgent need for genomic surveillance to track and mitigate the spread of wheat blast outside of South America, and to guide pre-emptive wheat breeding for blast resistance.

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Cereal production in Africa: the threat of current plant pathogens in changing climate-a review

Benjamin,

Oyedokun,

Oziegbe

et al. 2024

Discov Agric

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In Sub-Saharan Africa, cereals are threatened by stress-inducing microbial pathogens and parasites such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes leading to significant losses. Mycotoxin-producing fungi like Fusarium graminearum induce head blight disease causing 30–70% of yield losses in wheat. In comparison, Fusarium verticillioides accounts for ear rot diseases that account for 13–70% of maize yield losses in Sub-Saharan Africa. Outbreaks of the devastating rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae have caused up to 48% yield losses of rice in Kenya. The grey leaf spot fungus, C. zeina, gradually becomes a threat to maize production, causing a 65% yield loss in South Africa. Maize smut and ergot-causing pathogens, Sporisorium ehrenbergii and Claviceps africana, under mildly humid and cold climatic conditions, impact grain quality and market value. The maize streak virus predominantly ravages maize fields all over Sub-Saharan Africa causing 30–100% yield losses while the diseases caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has led to 10 to 50% yield losses in rice production. In Nigeria, nematode pathogens like Pratylenchus spp have been reported to cause yield losses of up to 27% in maize production. This review fundamentally discusses these cereal pathogens and their current and future impact in the face of climate change in Africa. We seriously emphasize the need for more simulation studies on each of these pathogens across Sub-Saharan Africa and their potential impact under current and future climate change scenarios.

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Magnaporthe oryzaepopulations in Sub-Saharan Africa are diverse and show signs of local adaptation

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Genomic surveillance uncovers a pandemic clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus

Genomic surveillance uncovers a pandemic clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus

A pandemic clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus

Cereal production in Africa: the threat of current plant pathogens in changing climate-a review

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