To support efforts in prosecuting wildlife crimes, we developed and validated a multiplex High-Resolution Melt (M-HRM) assay for the identification of proboscidean taxa commonly required to be identified or excluded in ivory seizures and forensic casework: Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), African elephant (Loxodonta spp.), mammoth (Mammuthus spp.), and mastodon (Mammut spp.). Five hundred and fifty (550) blood, tissue, and ivory samples from individuals of these 4 proboscidean taxa were used to develop and validate the 2 proboscideanspecific mitochondrial sites targeted by this assay. The 28-basepair (bp) 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 54bp cytochrome b (Cytb) gene segments yield a combination of melt peaks that create composite melt profiles unique to each of the 4 proboscidean taxa. Wildlife forensic laboratories can use this sensitive, rapid, and costeffective assay to assist efforts to combat the unlawful commercialization of proboscidean ivory and to stop the poaching crisis leading to the decline of these ivory-bearing species in the wild.