The hAT superfamily comprises a large and diverse array of DNA
transposons found in all supergroups of eukaryotes. Here we characterized the
Drosophila buzzatii BuT2 element and found that it harbors a five-exon
gene encoding a 643-aa putatively functional transposase. A phylogeny built with 85
hAT transposases yielded, in addition to the two major groups already
described, Ac and Buster, a third one comprising 20
sequences that includes BuT2, Tip100, hAT-4_BM, and
RP-hAT1. This third group is here named Tip. In addition, we
studied the phylogenetic distribution and evolution of BuT2 by in silico
searches and molecular approaches. Our data revealed BuT2 was, most
often, vertically transmitted during the evolution of genus Drosophila
being lost independently in several species. Nevertheless, we propose the occurrence of
three horizontal transfer events to explain its distribution and conservation among
species. Another aspect of BuT2 evolution and life cycle is the presence
of short related sequences, which contain similar 5′ and 3′ regions, including
the terminal inverted repeats. These sequences that can be considered as miniature
inverted repeat transposable elements probably originated by internal deletion of complete
copies and show evidences of recent mobilization.