Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Crohn's Disease

Naser, Saleh A.; Naser, Najih

doi:10.1128/9781555815585.ch13

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The excretion of MAР into the environment presents a risk of transmission of the disease to other wild and domestic animals and to endanger the people consuming contaminated food and water. This confirms the serious health and economic importance of the disease [16,18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The isolation of MAP from the blood culture of patients, from breast milk and patients with ulcerative colitis gives reason to accept MAP as one of the etiological factors in Crohn's disease [6,15,16,17]. This shows zoonotic nature of MAP, although the question still remains controversial [18,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MAP is a facultative aerobic bacterium belonging to Mycobacterium avium complex [3,8,17,24]. It is an obligate intracellular pathogen that can not replicate outside of animal and human hosts [2,16,18]. Characteristics distinguishing MAP from other Mycobacterium species, include its extremely slow growth, its inability to produce the necessary for its growth mycobactin and pos-session of 14-18 copies of the IS900 insertion element in the MAP genome [4,5,20,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from mouflon in Bulgaria

Savova

Petrova

Вылчева

et al. 2020

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis (John’s disease) mainly in large and small domestic and wild ruminants, and suspected causative agent in human Crohn’s disease. In Bulgaria, paratuberculosis is still poorly researched in both groups of ruminants. We present results of the first in-depth study of mouflon, grown free in one hunting reserve in the Western region of the country. The aim was to prove the presence of MAP in diagnostic materials from regularly hunted or dead mouflon suspected for paratuberculosis. Small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) from 12 hunted and 4 dead mouflon and 10 faecal samples (Fc) were studied in the period of 2009–2013. Typical for paratuberculosis pathomorphological lesions were observed in four mouflon (of 16 examined). The intestinal wall was thickened, strongly folded and soft, with severe hyperemia. The MLN were enlarged, soft, with marbled appearance. The affected section of the ileum showed hyperplasia of the mucous corion and submucosa with diffuse infiltration of epithelioid cells. Lymphadenopathy with atrophy of T and B lymphocytes areas was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes. For bacteriological isolation of MAP, the tissue and faecal samples were decontaminated with NALC-NaOH, cultured in Middlebrook 7H9 Broth and on Herrold’s medium. The Ziehl–Neelsen stained smears and isolates were examined microscopically for acid-fast bacteria. Presence of MAP was observed in tissue samples of 4 (25%) mouflon and in 2 (20%) faecal samples. The same samples were confirmed by the IS900 PCR for the presence of specific for MAP fragments with a commercial amplification kit. The cases of paratuberculosis found at different times in the free-living mouflon in our study prove that the disease exists in Bulgaria and highlight the need for more serious control of the disease among wild and domestic ruminants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from mouflon in Bulgaria

Savova

Petrova

Вылчева

et al. 2020

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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“…Meanwhile, the evidence to support a M. paratuberculosis infection as a cause of Crohn's disease is mounting rapidly. Studies were able to document that up to 83% of Crohn's patients showed evidence of serum antibodies (Elsaghier et al, 1992;Suenaga et al, 1999;El-Zaatari Fet al, 1999;Naser et al, 1999;Naser et al, 2000;Olsen et al, 2001) to M. avium ss paratuberculosis. In particular, critics of the mycobacterial theory argue that MAP is not a causal factor but a secondary invader (Chamberlin et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis

Barukčić¹

2018

MHS

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Objective: This systematic review assesses the causal relationship between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn's disease (CD). Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis of some impressive PCR based studies is provided aimed to answer among other questions the following question. Is there a cause effect relationship between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease? The method of the conditio per quam relationship was used to proof the hypothesis whether the presence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis guarantees the presence of Crohn's disease. In other words, if Crohn's disease is present, then Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is present too. The mathematical formula of the causal relationship k was used to proof the hypothesis, whether there is a cause effect relationship between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease. Significance was indicated by a p-value of less than 0.05. Results:The studies analyzed (number of cases and controls N=1076) were able to provide evidence that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is a necessary condition (conditio sine qua non) and sufficient condition of Crohn's disease. Furthermore, the studies analyzed provide impressive evidence of a cause-effect relationship between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease. Conclusion:Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is the cause of Crohn's disease (k=+0.4435, p value < 0.0001).

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Crohn's Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 97 publications

Isolation of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> from mouflon in Bulgaria

Isolation of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> from mouflon in Bulgaria

Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis

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