<i>Mycobacterium avium</i>Subspecies<i>paratuberculosis</i>Cultured from Locally and Commercially Pasteurized Cow's Milk in the Czech Republic

Ayele, W. Yayo; Svastova, Petra; Roubal, Petr; Bartoš, Milan; Pavlík, I.

doi:10.1128/aem.71.3.1210-1214.2005

Cited by 157 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Prevalences resulted in agreement with data in literature for VTEC O157:H7 but lower for Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, and thermotolerant Campylobacter (Desmasures et al, 1997;Dontorou et al, 2003;Meyer-Broseta et al, 2003;Oliver et al, 2005Oliver et al, , 2009. Even for paratubercolosis, the amount of herds and samples positive for Map are lower than those reported by other European countries (Corti et al, 2002;Grant et al, 2002;Jayarao et al, 2004;O'Reilly et al, 2004;Ayele et al, 2005;Slana et al, 2008;Nielsen and Toft, 2009), but the positivity of 3% of samples highlights that raw milk consumption can be a significant source of exposure of consumer to Map. In spite of variations, all the surveys demonstrated that milk could be a major source of foodborne pathogens of human health significance, even though detection may be sporadic for very low to low levels of bacterial contamination (Oliver et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Sale of Raw Milk in Northern Italy: Food Safety Implications and Comparison of Different Analytical Methodologies for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

Giacometti

Serraino

Finazzi

et al. 2012

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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The safety of raw milk sold in Northern Italy was investigated in relation to hygiene quality parameters and presence of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, thermotolerant Campylobacter, and Verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7. The performance of different analytical methods used-official culture method (ISO), modified Bacteriological Analytical Manual cultural method (mBAM), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-was evaluated. The presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) was investigated only by PCR. All samples met regulations for alkaline phosphatase and inhibitory substance, while 18% and 44.8% of samples collected from vending machines had, respectively, somatic cell count (SCC) > 300,000/mL and total bacterial count (TBC) > 50,000 CFU/mL. The correlation between hygienic quality parameters in samples collected from bulk tank and vending machines showed a significant increase of TBC in vending machines meaning that raw milk was mishandled during distribution and sale. All pathogens investigated were detected in raw milk sold at vending machines; a total of five samples (5%) had at least one pathogen, of which two were detected by PCR and three by mBAM. None of the samples was positive by cultural ISO methods. Even if the comparison of analytical methods showed that none performs significantly better than the others, testing a higher volume of milk (25 versus 210 mL) affects significantly the detection rate of pathogens. Three samples (3%) were positive for Map, suggesting that raw milk is a significant source of Map exposure for consumers. The observed TBC increase and the detection of several pathogenic bacteria pose questions on the safety of raw milk; the use of ISO seems inefficient in detecting a low contamination level of pathogens in milk and consequently not appropriate as official method for testing. In order to ensure consumer's safety, a new approach for the raw milk chain is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Sale of Raw Milk in Northern Italy: Food Safety Implications and Comparison of Different Analytical Methodologies for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

Giacometti

Serraino

Finazzi

et al. 2012

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…From Table 1 it can be seen that MAP has been detected by culture in milk in countries with advanced dairy breeding systems on all continents; the positivity has ranged between 0.3 and 35.0%. MAP has also been detected by culture and PCR methods in retail cheeses in the USA, the Czech Republic and Greece ( et al (2005) tages of this method are the long time necessary for culture (six weeks or more) and the insufficient effectiveness of decontaminating methods (Harris and Barletta, 2001;Ayele et al, 2005). Hence, various methods for the rapid detection of MAP in milk and milk products are under development at present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in milk and milk products: a review

Slaná¹,

Paolicchi²,

Janštová³

et al. 2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiologic agent of paratuberculosis, a disease with considerable economic impact, principally on dairy cattle herds. Animals with paratuberculosis shed viable MAP especially in their milk, faeces and semen. MAP may have a role in the development of Crohn's disease in humans via the consumption of contaminated milk and milk products. The current methods of milk pasteurization are not sufficient to kill all MAP cells present in milk and MAP has been cultured from raw or pasteurized milk and isolated from cheese. The purpose of the present study was to review the different methods used for detection of MAP in milk and milk products. We analyze the current methods for direct or non direct identification of MAP and culture and molecular biology methods that can be applied to milk and milk products.

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“…paratuberculosis (Map) infections in cattle are of concern to the dairy industry due to the as-yetunresolved issue of its potential role in Crohn's disease in humans 1,2 [5]. Milk is a possible Certification-and-surveillance programmes for supposedly Map-free herds and control programmes for Map-infected herds have been developed in several countries, such as the USA 3 , Australia, and the Netherlands [4,20,23]. These certificationand-surveillance and control programmes generally aim at a low-risk trade of cattle and elimination of Map.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics

Weber

Nielen²,

Velthuis³

et al. 2008

Vet. Res.

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-A bulk milk quality assurance programme for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) in dairy herds was simulated with a stochastic simulation model (JohneSSim). The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological and economic effects of preventive management measures and various test schemes in a simulated population of closed Dutch dairy herds over a 20-year period. Herds were certified as 'low-Map bulk milk' if, with a certain probability, the concentration of Map in bulk milk did not exceed a maximum acceptable concentration of 10 3 Map organisms per litre (based on pasteurisation studies). The programme started with an initial assessment; test-negative herds entered a surveillance procedure and test-positive herds a control procedure. The simulations showed that herd examinations by ELISA for the initial assessment, surveillance and control procedures effectively ensure the quality of 'lowMap bulk milk': > 75% of simulated herds were certified and > 96% of certified herds produced bulk milk with < 10 3 Map/L if the initial herd-level prevalence was 30%. Preventive management measures only had a minor effect on bulk milk quality of certified herds. Culling based on biennial faecal culture was more effective than culling based on annual ELISA. Average total discounted costs for 20-year participation in a programme consisting of initial assessment by ELISA, surveillance by biennial ELISA and control by biennial faecal culture were e16 × 10 3 per herd.In conclusion, this study shows that a bulk milk quality assurance programme for closed Dutch dairy herds is feasible and provides information on the cost-effectiveness of different programmes. The concepts of this study equally apply to other countries because mechanisms of paratuberculosis infection, disease, and testing are comparable in other dairy cattle populations. dairy cattle / milk / paratuberculosis / stochastic simulation model / quality assurance programme

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Mycobacterium aviumSubspeciesparatuberculosisCultured from Locally and Commercially Pasteurized Cow's Milk in the Czech Republic

Cited by 157 publications

References 42 publications

Sale of Raw Milk in Northern Italy: Food Safety Implications and Comparison of Different Analytical Methodologies for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

Sale of Raw Milk in Northern Italy: Food Safety Implications and Comparison of Different Analytical Methodologies for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

Detection methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in milk and milk products: a review

Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics

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