Mycobacterium heckeshornenseLumbar Spondylodiskitis in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Etanercept Treatment

First case of Mycobacterium heckeshornense cavitary lung disease in the Latin America and Caribbean region

“…M. heckeshornense was first reported in 2000 as a pathogenic, slowly growing scotochromogenic mycobacterium, phylogenetically related to Mycobacterium xenopi , that caused a bilateral cavitary lung disease in an immunocompetent patient [2] . Since then, a limited number of cases were reported in humans, some of them involving severe pulmonary infections [3] , [4] , [5] often identified as M. xenopi and also involving extrapulmonary infections [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] . Furthermore, it was isolated from animal sources such as porcine lymph nodes [13] and from a domestic cat with a severe generalized infection [14] .…”

Recurrent rheumatoid pleural effusions complicated by Mycobacterium heckeshornense infection

“…To date, M. heckeshornense has been reported to cause infection in multiple sites, including cavitary pneumonia and pneumonia with pneumothorax [ [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] ]. Extrapulmonary cases have included tenosynovitis [ 6 ], lumbar spondylodiscitis [ 7 , 8 ], lymphadenitis [ 9 ], disseminated infection [ 10 ] and peritoneal infection [ 1 ]. In all but one case (in which a reverse hybridization line probe was used [ 11 ]), M. heckeshornense has been identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene.…”

Mycobacterium heckeshornense peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report and review of the literature

“…Patients exhibit disease similar to tuberculosis, with cavitary lesions, respiratory complaints of cough and dyspnoea, and systemic symptoms of weight loss and fatigue. Extrapulmonary disease has been described, including lymphadenitis [9], tenosynovitis [10], lumbar spondylodiscitis [11], and disseminated infection with bacteraemia in a patient with severe human immunodeficiency virus infection [12].…”