MYCOBACTERIUM KANSASIIISOLATION FROM CAPTIVE SOUTH AMERICAN COATI (NASUA NASUA)

Abstract

Three of six captive South American coatis (Nasua nasua) presented with respiratory distress and died despite treatment. Postmortem examination performed on two of these animals revealed granulomatous pleuropneumonia associated with acid-fast bacilli. Because of the possible diagnosis of mycobacterial infection, the three remaining asymptomatic coatis were anesthetized. Tracheal washes were sampled and submitted for microbiology, and the animals were euthanatized and postmortem examinations performed. One of these asymptomatic adult males had whitish granulomas in multiple organs and tissues. Additionally, the isolate from this male's tracheal wash was identified as Mycobacterium kansasii by molecular analysis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of M. kansasii infection in Nasua nasua.

Mycobacterium kansasii infection in a captive Sichuan takin (Budorcas taxicolortibetana) and a siamang (Hylobates syndactylus) at a zoological facility

“…On postmortem examination, these animals had multifocal suppurative pneumonia with large numbers of acid-fast bacteria within the granuloma. The remaining three animals in the group were euthanased, two had no lesions and were negative for M. kansasii but the third was asymptomatic and had lung granulomas positive for M. kansasii (Rocha and others 2013). In the bontebok herd, one animal was euthanased due to clinical signs of pneumonia and a second for lameness with a draining tract fistula.…”

“…Subclinical cases of M. kansasii may not be identified if subtle lesions are not detected or respiratory disease is not suspected. Most of the previously reported cases of M. kansasii in non-domestic species have been those that had clinical signs of disease (Bercovier and Vincent 2001, Pressler and others 2002, Hall and others 2005, Waters and others 2006, Miller and Terrell 2011, Murai and others 2012, Rocha and others 2013). …”

“…A report in humans looked at a 20‐year time period and found that the ratio of isolates of M. kansasii to M. tuberculosis was highest for some of the Midwest states, including a moderately high ratio for Ohio (Bittner and others 1996). Infection with M. kansasii commonly presents with lesions in the lymph nodes and lungs but has also been found disseminated throughout the body, within pleural effusion, and causing septic arthritis (Bernard and others 1999, Pressler and others 2002, Miller and Terrell 2011, Rocha and others 2013). In humans, M. kansasii is a very rare cause of septic arthritis, typically associated with only one joint (monoarthritis) and a history of trauma to the joint, corticosteroid treatment or immunocompromise due to AIDS (Bernard and others 1999).…”

<b>Estudo de micobactérias em animais silvestres mantidos em cativeiro</b>

“…Há uma grande variação de suscetibilidade, patogenia e resposta imune, diante da infecção, entre as espécies de micobactérias e as dos animais hospedeiros (LÉCU; BALL, 2011), entretanto, TB e micobacteriose têm sido relatadas em inúmeras espécies de animais silvestres de vida livre e mantidas em cativeiro (GRIFFITH, 1928;LOVELL, 1930;HAMERTON, 1935;BENGIS, 2001;CHENG, 2001;ARTOIS et al, 2011;LÉCU;BALL, 2011;ROCHA et al, 2011a,b;SCHRENZEL, 2012;WALTZEK et al, 2012;ROCHA et al, 2013;ROUTH, 2013).…”

“…bovis em waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) (ROCHA et al, 2011a) e coati (MURAKAMI et al, 2012a), e M. tuberculosis em macaco-aranha-de-caravermelha (Ateles paniscus) (ROCHA et al, 2013) e em anta (Tapirus terrestris) (MURAKAMI et al, 2012a) Saúde animal e saúde pública são interdependentes (MAAS;RUTTEN, 2013). A importância no controle e erradicação dessas doenças é evidenciada pela morbidade e mortalidade que causam em animais e humanos, representando grandes desafios para a saúde humana e animal, economia e conservação de espécies silvestres.…”