MYCOBACTERIUM PINNIPEDIITUBERCULOSIS IN A FREE-RANGING AUSTRALIAN FUR SEAL (ARCTOCEPHALUS PUSILLUS DORIFERUS) IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA

Abstract

This report describes the first case in South Australia, Australia, of Mycobacterium pinnipedii tuberculosis in a free-ranging Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus). Severe pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia with intrahistocytic acid-fast beaded filamentous bacilli was seen on histology. M. pinnipedii was confirmed by full 24-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing. Spillover concerns for public health and cattle are discussed.

Pathology and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium pinnipedii tuberculosis in native New Zealand marine mammals

“…Cases comprised New Zealand sea lions (n = 1304), New Zealand fur seals (n = 236), Hector’s dolphins (n = 216), common dolphins ( Delphinus delphis; n = 91), dusky dolphins ( Lagenorhynchus obscurus; n = 32), bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ; n = 14), leopard seals ( Hydrurga leptonyx; n = 11), southern elephant seals ( Mirounga leonina; n = 3) and a Subantarctic fur seal ( Arctocephalus tropicalis; n = 1). Histological slides were retrieved and reviewed for all animals with a tentative gross diagnosis of tuberculosis, as defined by the presence of caseous or granulomatous lesions in lymph nodes, lungs, mediastinum, pleura, liver and/or spleen [2, 3, 13]. Tissue sections were stained routinely with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and sections containing granulomatous lesions were also stained with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain for acid-fast bacilli.…”

Causes of adult mortality in two populations of New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)

“…The most frequently diagnosed bacterial infection in this study was tuberculosis, which caused the death of 20 animals (18% of total investigated mortalities). Tuberculosis has been described in several wild pinnipeds ( Boardman et al., 2014 , Cousins et al., 1993 , de Amorim et al., 2014 , Hunter et al., 1998 , Roe et al., 2006 , Woods et al., 1995 ) and the causal organism has now been classified as a distinct species, M. pinnipedii ( Cousins et al., 2003 ). Since these previous reports describe only sporadic cases, although beyond the scope of the current study, the apparently high prevalence of tuberculosis in NZSLs warrants further investigation.…”

>b<Sequenciamento, anotação e análise do genoma de >i<Mycobacterium pinnipedii>/i< e genômica comparativa de espécies do Complexo >i<Mycobacterium tuberculosis>/i<>/b<

“…BASTIDA et al, 1999). Além de pinípedes, a TB causada por M. pinnipedii já foi diagnosticada em outras oito espécies de animais em zoológicos, bovinos e humanos BASTIDA et al, 1999;BOARDMAN et al, 2014; (SALAMON et al, 2000;GAO et al, 2005;PERIWAL et al, 2015;…”

“…A TB tem feito vítimas durante grande parte da história da humanidade, com registros arqueológicos do Egito antigo datados entre 3.500 e 2.650 a.C (ZINK et al, 2001(ZINK et al, , 2003a(ZINK et al, , 2003b(ZINK et al, , 2007 (CORPER, 1947;PARRA et al, 2003;ALEXANDER et al, 2010;DE GARINE-WICHATITSKY et al, 2013;BOARDMAN et al, 2014 bacillus", e "chimpanzee bacillus" são adaptados aos animais (COUSINS et al, , 2003 COSCOLLA; GAGNEUX, 2014 bovis AF2122/97 (COLE et al, 1998GARNIER et al, 2003), serviram como base para a definição de RDs que determinaram as espécies do MTBC. Ao longo dos anos, os genomas de outras espécies do complexo M. tuberculosis tornaram-se disponíveis para análises mais aprofundadas ALEXANDER et al, 2016;WINGLEE et al, 2016;ZHU et al, 2016).…”

“…Estirpes de M. pinnipedii foram isoladas de pinípedes em todo o mundo, especialmente em cativeiro, mas também de animais de vida livre do hemisfério sul BASTIDA et al, 1999). Surpreendentemente, desde sua primeira descrição, M. pinnipedii foi detectado em uma variedade de espécies hospedeiras, incluindo seis espécies diferentes de pinípedes BERNARDELLI et al, 1996;, camelos-bactrianos, leopardos-das-neves, leopardos-de-amur, gado, lhama, gorilas das planícies, antas-malaia, golfinho-de-hector e possivelmente humanos, o que sugere um comportamento generalista para o tropismo hospedeiro BASTIDA et al, 1999;BOARDMAN et al, 2014;. Pinípedes infectados com M. pinnipedii em jardins zoológicos e parques marinhos são a principal fonte de infecção para outros animais e seres humanos.…”