Myo-inositol prevents oxidative damage, inhibits oxygen radical generation and increases antioxidant enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian)

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the e¡ects of dietary myo-inositol (MI) on the antioxidant status of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). A total of 1050 Jian carp (22.28 AE 0.07 g) were randomly distributed into seven groups of three replicates each, feeding diets containing graded levels of MI (163.5, 232.7, 384.2, 535.8, 687.3, 838.8 and 990.3 mg kg À 1 diet) for 60 days. Results indicated that the malondialdehyde content was the lowest for ¢sh fed diets containing ! 384.2 mg MI kg À 1 , and the highest for ¢sh fed the MI-unsupplemented basal diet (Po0.05). The protein carbonyl content was decreased with increasing dietary MI levels up to 535.8 mg kg À 1 diet, and no di¡erences were found with a further increase in the MI concentration. The anti-superoxide anion capacity (ASA) and antihydroxyl radical capacity (AHR) were increased with increasing MI levels up to 535.8 mg kg À 1 diet, and plateaued thereafter. The superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase activities showed the same tendency with the ASA capacity. Catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reducase activities were improved with increasing MI levels up to 838.8, 384.2 and 687.3 mg kg À 1 diet, respectively, and remained nearly constant thereafter. These results suggested that MI could inhibit oxygen radical generation, increase enzymatic antioxidant capacity and prevent oxidative damage of carp. Dietary MI requirements for ASA and AHR activities of juvenile Jian carp were 567.94 and 517.22 mg MI kg À 1 diet respectively.

Dietary riboflavin deficiency decreases immunity and antioxidant capacity, and changes tight junction proteins and related signaling molecules mRNA expression in the gills of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the gill were determined according to the procedures described by Zhang et al [48], Baltacıoglu et al [49], and Vardi et al [50], respectively. The anti-superoxide anion (ASA) (O 2 À -scavenging ability), anti-hydroxy radical (AHR) (OH -scavenging ability) and CAT activities were measured as described by Jiang et al [51]. The total SOD, CuZnSOD and GPx activities were assayed as described by Jin et al [52], Jiang et al [53] and Zhang et al [48], respectively.…”

“…In fish, the superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical were the primary free radicals that induce oxidative damage [81]. Jiang et al [51] reported that the ASA and AHR were able to minimize the ROS through scavenging superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. In this study, riboflavin deficiency significantly decreased AHR and ASA capacity, and supplemented with optimal riboflavin reversed this decrease in the gills of young grass carp ( Table 5), indicating that riboflavin deficiency increased ROS production may be partly through decreasing free radicals scavenging capacity in the gills of fish.…”

Dietary myo-inositol modulates immunity through antioxidant activity and the Nrf2 and E2F4/cyclin signalling factors in the head kidney and spleen following infection of juvenile fish with Aeromonas hydrophila

“…Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were assayed as previously described [48]. The CAT activities were measured as described in our previous study [50]. The assay mixture consisted of 100 mM KPO 4 buffer (pH 7.0), 10 mM H 2 O 2 and 50 mL of intestinal homogenates in a total volume of 1 mL.…”

Intestinal immune function, antioxidant status and tight junction proteins mRNA expression in young grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) fed riboflavin deficient diet

“…The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the intestine were determined according to the procedures described by Zhang et al [35], Baltacıo glu et al [36] and Vardi et al [37], respectively. The CAT activity was measured as described by Jiang et al [38]. The CuZnSOD and GPx activities were assayed as described by Jiang et al [39] and Zhang et al [35], respectively.…”