N‐acetylcysteine interferes with the biofilm formation, motility and epiphytic behaviour of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

Picchi, Simone Cristina; Takita, Marco Aurélio; Coletta-Filho, Helvécio Della; Machado, Marcos Antônio; Souza, Alessandra Alves de

doi:10.1111/ppa.12430

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…An overnight culture of Xanthomonas citri 306 was diluted to OD ~0.2 in 5 mL of NBY (0.5% peptone, 0.3% meat extract, 0.2% yeast extract, 0.2% K 2 HPO 4 , 0.05% KH 2 PO 4 ), and maintained at 28°C and 180 rpm. After 2 h, an aliquot of 1.5 mL of this culture was transferred into a 2-mL Eppendorf tube and was subjected to a non-lethal heat stress (37°C for 2 h; Sumares et al, 2016 ) or copper oxychloride (18 μg/mL for 3 h; Picchi et al, 2016 ). The cells were subsequently harvested and RNA was extracted with the RNeasy Extraction Kit (Qiagen) followed by elimination of total DNA using an on-column RNase-Free DNase set (Qiagen).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Distribution and Adaptive Aspects on Xanthomonas Genomes: Focus on Xanthomonas citri

Martins¹,

Machado²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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Prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems were first described as being designed to prevent plasmid loss in bacteria. However, with the increase in prokaryotic genome sequencing, recently many TAs have been found in bacterial chromosomes, having other biological functions, such as environmental stress response. To date, only few studies have focused on TA systems in phytopathogens, and their possible impact on the bacterial fitness. This may be especially important for pathogens like Xanthomonas spp., which live epiphytically before entering the host. In this study, we looked for TA systems in the genomes of 10 Xanthomonas strains. We verified that citrus-infecting pathovars have, on average, 50% more TAs than other Xanthomonas spp. and no genome harbors classical toxins such as MqsR, RelB, and HicA. Only one TA system (PIN_VapC-FitB-like/SpoVT_AbrB) was conserved among the Xanthomonas genomes, suggesting adaptive aspects concerning its broad occurrence. We also detected a trend of toxin gene loss in this genus, while the antitoxin gene was preferably maintained. This study discovers the quantitative and qualitative differences among the type II TA systems present in Xanthomonas spp., especially concerning the citrus-infecting strains. In addition, the antitoxin retention in the genomes is possibly related with the resistance mechanism of further TA infections as an anti-addiction system or might also be involved in regulation of certain specific genes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Distribution and Adaptive Aspects on Xanthomonas Genomes: Focus on Xanthomonas citri

Martins¹,

Machado²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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“…citri ( Xcc ). The disease symptoms appear as crater-like lesions with a raised margin and sunken center surrounded by a yellow halo [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. In severe infections, defoliation, twig dieback, badly blemished fruit, premature fruit drop, and reduction in quantity and quality of the fruits have been observed [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Citrus Essential Oils and Their Constituents on Growth of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

et al. 2017

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Citrus bacterial canker (CBC) caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), is the most devastating of the citrus diseases worldwide. During our study, we found that Essential oils (EOs) of some citrus cultivars are effective on Xcc. Therefore, it prompted us to determine the plant metabolites responsible for the antibacterial properties. We obtained EOs from some locally cultivated citrus by using a Clevenger apparatus and their major constituents were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effect of Citrus aurantium, C. aurantifolia, Fortunella sp. EOs and their major constituents were evaluated against Xcc-KVXCC1 using a disk diffusion assay. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of the EOs and their constituents were determined using the broth microdilution method. C. aurantium, C. aurantifolia Eos, and their major constituents including citral, linalool, citronellal, geraniol, α-terpineol, and linalyl acetate indicated antibacterial effects against Xcc. The C. aurantifolia EO and citral showed the highest antibacterial activity among the tested EOs and constituents with inhibition zones of 15 ± 0.33 mm and 16.67 ± 0.88 mm, respectively. Synergistic effects of the constituents were observed between α-terpineol-citral, citral-citronellal, citral-geraniol, and citronellal-geraniol by using a microdilution checkerboard assay. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that exposure of Xcc cells to citral caused cell wall damage and altered cytoplasmic density. We introduced C. aurantifolia and C. aurantium EOs, and their constituents citral, α-terpineol, citronellal, geraniol, and linalool as possible control agents for CBC.

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“…N-acetylcysteine was also found to decrease bacterial growth, motility and biofilm formation of X. citri subsp. citri (Picchi et al 2016). Moreover, some amino acids could be suppressing the type III secretion effector genes of Pseudomonas syringae pv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Amino Acid Cysteine in the Suppression of Xanthomonas citri pv. glycines Bacterial Pustule Disease of Soybean

Pluemjit¹,

Sripo-ngam²,

Khwanbua³

et al. 2020

CMUJNS

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Bacterial pustule is a major bacterial disease of soybean caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. glycines. The discovery of safety organic compounds that can control plant disease could provide an alternative strategy that may help reduce the pathogen resistance against antibiotics. Thus, the role of amino acids in suppressing the virulence of X. citri pv. glycines 12-2 was investigated. X. citri pv. glycines 12-2 were grown in M9 minimal medium (M9) and rich medium nutrient broth (NB) supplemented with each of 11 amino acids at 10 mM for tested the ability of amino acids to inhibit the growth of the pathogen. Cysteine, serine, and threonine were found to be the most effective amino acids to inhibit the growth of X. citri pv. glycines in M9 minimal medium but only cysteine could significantly inhibit the growth of X. citri pv. glycines in NB. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of cysteine in inhibiting the growth of X. citri pv. glycines was 2.5 mM. We demonstrated that a short time exposure of 10 mM cysteine caused a cell death rather than just inhibiting the growth of X. citri pv. glycines 12-2 when determined by live/dead cells staining. Foliar application of cysteine mixed with X. citri pv. glycines on soybean were able to reduce the severity of bacterial pustule on soybean. In addition, glutamic acid and threonine have a protective effect on bacterial pustule disease. The results presented here indicated amino acids cysteine has the potential to be used for managing bacterial pustules of soybean.

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N‐acetylcysteine interferes with the biofilm formation, motility and epiphytic behaviour of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Distribution and Adaptive Aspects on Xanthomonas Genomes: Focus on Xanthomonas citri

Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Distribution and Adaptive Aspects on Xanthomonas Genomes: Focus on Xanthomonas citri

The Effect of Citrus Essential Oils and Their Constituents on Growth of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

Role of Amino Acid Cysteine in the Suppression of Xanthomonas citri pv. glycines Bacterial Pustule Disease of Soybean

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