<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Development of an Enhanced Community-Focused COVID-19 Surveillance Program — Hopi Tribe, June‒July 2020

Jenkins, Royce; Burke, Rachel M; Hamilton, Joyce; Fazekas, Kathleen; Humeyestewa, Duane; Kaur, Harpriya; Hirschman, Jocelyn; Honanie, Kay; Herne, Mose; Mayer, Oren; Yatabe, Graydon; Balajee, S. Arunmozhi

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6944a6

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“… 15 In response to these findings, the Hopi Tribe collaborated with HHCC and CDC to design and implement a programme to enhance COVID-19 case finding and provide COVID-19 focused health education directly to community members. 16 This programme built on the existing foundation of the tribe’s Community Health Representative (CHR) Programme (which delivers basic health education and follow-up screening), and HHCC’s Community Health Department programmes (which are guided by the known social determinants of health for the reservation (eg, literacy, transportation and availability of running water)). Additionally, the programme incorporated input from community leaders as well as learnings from CDC-provided trainings on contact tracing, case investigation and community outreach.…”

Section: The First Wavementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 response by the Hopi Tribe: impact of systems improvement during the first wave on the second wave of the pandemic

Humeyestewa¹,

Burke

Kaur

et al. 2021

BMJ Glob Health

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The Hopi Tribe is a sovereign nation home to ~7500 Hopi persons living primarily in 12 remote villages. The Hopi Tribe, like many other American Indian nations, has been disproportionately affected by COVID-19. On 18 May 2020, a team from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was deployed on the request of the tribe in response to increases in COVID-19 cases. Collaborating with Hopi Health Care Center (the reservation’s federally run Indian Health Service health facility) and CDC, the Hopi strengthened public health systems and response capacity from May to August including: (1) implementing routine COVID-19 surveillance reporting; (2) establishing the Hopi Incident Management Authority for rapid coordination and implementation of response activities across partners; (3) implementing a community surveillance programme to facilitate early case detection and educate communities on COVID-19 prevention; and (4) applying innovative communication strategies to encourage mask wearing, hand hygiene and physical distancing. These efforts, as well as community adherence to mitigation measures, helped to drive down cases in August. As cases increased in September–November, the improved capacity gained during the first wave of the pandemic enabled the Hopi leadership to have real-time awareness of the changing epidemiological landscape. This prompted rapid response coordination, swift scale up of health communications and redeployment of the community surveillance programme. The Hopi experience in strengthening their public health systems to better confront COVID-19 may be informative to other indigenous peoples as they also respond to COVID-19 within the context of disproportionate burden.

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Section: The First Wavementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 response by the Hopi Tribe: impact of systems improvement during the first wave on the second wave of the pandemic

Humeyestewa¹,

Burke

Kaur

et al. 2021

BMJ Glob Health

Self Cite

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“…We found very few (0.04%) articles documented testing rates for Indigenous peoples, which may suggest that they are largely unknown. In the US, Canada, and Ecuador testing rates for Indigenous peoples were below the national average, reasons for this included a lack of testing kits (Crooks et al 2020 , Eades et al 2020 ), the remoteness of some communities challenged the transportation of kits (Bogdanova et al 2020 , Burki 2021 ), and people refusing to be tested due to a lack of trust in their respective government (Jenkins et al 2020 , Kerrigan et al 2021 , Matthias et al 2021 , Ortiz-Prado et al 2021 ). Rodriguez-Lonebear et al ( 2020 ) argues the lack of testing availability in the Navajo Nation, US, resulted in uncontrolled outbreaks causing it to be labeled as the an epicenter of the virus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous peoples and the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic scoping review

Pickering

Galappaththi

Ford

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Past influenza pandemics including the Spanish flu and H1N1 have disproportionately affected Indigenous peoples. We conducted a systematic scoping review to provide an overview of the state of understanding of the experience of Indigenous peoples during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, in doing so we capture the state of knowledge available to governments and decision makers for addressing the needs of Indigenous peoples in these early months of the pandemic. We addressed three questions: (i) How is COVID-19 impacting the health and livelihoods of Indigenous peoples, (ii) What systems level challenges are Indigenous peoples experiencing, (iii) How are Indigenous peoples responding? We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases and UN organization websites for publications about Indigenous peoples and COVID-19. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. A total of 153 publications were included: 140 peer-reviewed articles and 13 from UN organizations. Editorial/commentaries were the most (43%) frequent type of publication. Analysis identified Indigenous peoples from 19 different countries, although 56% of publications were centred upon those in Brazil, United States, and Canada. The majority (90%) of articles focused upon the general adult population, few (< 2%) used a gender lens. A small number of articles documented COVID-19 testing (0.04%), incidence (18%), or mortality (16%). Five themes of system level challenges affecting exposure and livelihoods evolved: ecological, poverty, communication, education and health care services. Responses were formal and informal strategies from governments, Indigenous organizations and communities. A lack of ethnically disaggregated health data and a gender lens are constraining our knowledge, which is clustered around a limited number of Indigenous peoples in mostly high-income countries. Many Indigenous peoples have autonomously implemented their own coping strategies while government responses have been largely reactive and inadequate. To “build back better” we must address these knowledge gaps.

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Examining the role of Indigenous primary healthcare across the globe in supporting populations during public health crises

Fitzpatrick

Sehgal

Montesanti

et al. 2022

Global Public Health

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Notes from the Field: Development of an Enhanced Community-Focused COVID-19 Surveillance Program — Hopi Tribe, June‒July 2020

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

COVID-19 response by the Hopi Tribe: impact of systems improvement during the first wave on the second wave of the pandemic

COVID-19 response by the Hopi Tribe: impact of systems improvement during the first wave on the second wave of the pandemic

Indigenous peoples and the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic scoping review

Examining the role of Indigenous primary healthcare across the globe in supporting populations during public health crises

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