<i>Ophiostoma ips</i>from Pinewood Nematode Vector, Japanese Pine Sawyer Beetle (<i>Monochamus alternatus</i>), in Korea

Suh, Dong Yeon; Hyun, Min Woo; Kim, Jae Jin; Son, Seung Yeol; Kim, Seong Hwan

doi:10.5941/myco.2013.41.1.59

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Ophiostoma ips (Rumbold) Nannf., the most dominant fungal associate of this species, is carried in pit-like mycangia on the exoskeleton of this bark beetle (Furniss et al 1995) (Table 1). This fungus is a generalist, sap-staining pathogenic fungal associate of other conifer-infesting bark beetles as well, occurring in many parts of the world (Suh et al 2013 ; Zhou et al 2002). Ophiostoma ips has both positive and negative effects on I. pini, and the effects vary based on the timing of fungal establishment.…”

Section: Fungal Associates Play Important Roles In Bark Beetle Life Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Fungal Associates of Conifer Bark Beetles and their Potential in Bark Beetle Control

2016

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Conifer bark beetles attack and kill mature spruce and pine trees, especially during hot and dry conditions. These beetles are closely associated with ophiostomatoid fungi of the Ascomycetes, including the genera Ophiostoma, Grosmannia, and Endoconidiophora, which enhance beetle success by improving nutrition and modifying their substrate, but also have negative impacts on beetles by attracting predators and parasites. A survey of the literature and our own data revealed that ophiostomatoid fungi emit a variety of volatile organic compounds under laboratory conditions including fusel alcohols, terpenoids, aromatic compounds, and aliphatic alcohols. Many of these compounds already have been shown to elicit behavioral responses from bark beetles, functioning as attractants or repellents, often as synergists to compounds currently used in bark beetle control. Thus, these compounds could serve as valuable new agents for bark beetle management. However, bark beetle associations with fungi are very complex. Beetle behavior varies with the species of fungus, the stage of the beetle life cycle, the host tree quality, and probably with changes in the emission rate of fungal volatiles. Additional research on bark beetles and their symbiotic associates is necessary before the basic significance of ophiostomatoid fungal volatiles can be understood and their applied potential realized.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10886-016-0768-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Fungal Associates Play Important Roles In Bark Beetle Life Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Fungal Associates of Conifer Bark Beetles and their Potential in Bark Beetle Control

2016

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“…At the initial stage of infection, PWN feeds on epithelial cells of the host pine ( Mota and Vieira 2008 , Zhao et al 2008 , Futai 2013 ). Upon tree death, it feeds on the dendrocola fungi to maintain its population and propagate ( Suh et al 2013 , Zhao et al 2013 , 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, O. ips has been found in the PWN vector beetles in North America, China and Korea ( Wingfield 1987 , Suh et al 2013 , Zhao et al 2014 ). There is some evidence that the fungi adhere to the body surface of adult M. alternatus and thus are transmitted to the twigs of healthy trees ( Suh et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus far, the association with PWN and Monochamus spp. has been documented for only five species of ophiostomatoid fungi worldwide ( Wingfield 1987 , Maehara and Futai 1997 , Hyun et al 2007 , Suh et al 2013 , Zhao et al 2013 , Zhao and Sun 2017 ). Determination of the identities of these species is mainly based on morphology and sequence comparisons of a single DNA locus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with pines infected by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Monochamus alternatus in China, including three new species

Wang¹,

Lun²,

Lü³

et al. 2018

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The activity of the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchusxylophilus leads to extremely serious economic, ecological and social losses in East Asia. The nematode causes pine wilt disease, which is currently regarded as the most important forest disease in China. The pathogenic nematode feeds on dendrocola fungi to complete its cycle of infection. As the vector of the nematode, the Japanese pine sawyer (Monochamusalternatus) also carries dendrocola fungi. Pine woods, infected by B.xylophilus and tunnelled by M.alternatus, are also inhabited by ophiostomatoid fungi. These fungi are well known for their association with many bark and ambrosia beetles. They can cause sapstain and other serious tree diseases. The aims of our study were to investigate and identify the ophiostomatoid communities associated with the epidemic pine wood nematode and the pine sawyer in Pinusmassoniana and P.thunbergii forests, which are the main hosts of the pine wood nematode in China. Two hundred and forty strains of ophiostomatoid fungi were isolated from nematode and sawyer–infected trees in the coastal Shandong and Zhejiang Provinces, representing newly and historically infected areas, respectively. Six ophiostomatoid species were identified on the basis of morphological, physiological and molecular data. For the latter, DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1–5.8S–ITS2) region and partial b-tubulin gene were examined. The ophiostomatoid species included one known species, Ophiostomaips, three novel species, viz. Ophiostomaalbumsp. nov., Ophiostomamassonianasp. nov. and Sporothrixzhejiangensissp. nov. and two species whose identities are still uncertain, Ophiostomacf.deltoideosporum and Graphilbumcf.rectangulosporium, due to the paucity of the materials obtained. The ophiostomatoid community was dominated by O.ips. This study revealed that a relatively high species diversity of ophiostomatoid fungi are associated with pine infected by B.xylophilus and M.alternatus in China.

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“…Monochamus alternatus has also developed a symbiotic relationship with an ectotrophic ophiostomatoid blue stain fungus, Sporothrix sp. 1 (Zhao et al, 2013) which also gets dispersed adhering to M. alternatus body surfaces (Suh et al, 2013). Unlike entomopathogenic fungi, S. sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential immune responses of Monochamus alternatus against symbiotic and entomopathogenic fungi

Zhang

Meng

Ning

et al. 2017

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Monochamus alternatus, the main vector beetles of invasive pinewood nematode, has established a symbiotic relationship with a native ectotrophic fungal symbiont, Sporothrix sp. 1, in China. The immune response of M. alternatus to S. sp. 1 in the coexistence of beetles and fungi is, however, unknown. Here, we report that immune responses of M. alternatus pupae to infection caused by ectotrophic symbiotic fungus S. sp. 1 and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana differ significantly. The S. sp. 1 did not kill the beetles while B. bassiana killed all upon injection. The transcriptome results showed that the numbers of differentially expressed genes in M. alternatus infected with S. sp. 1 were 2-fold less than those infected with B. bassiana at 48 hours post infection. It was noticed that Toll and IMD pathways played a leading role in the beetle's immune system when infected by symbiotic fungus, but upon infection by entomopathogenic fungus, only the Toll pathway gets triggered actively. Furthermore, the beetles could tolerate the infection of symbiotic fungi by retracing their Toll and IMD pathways at 48 h. This study provided a comprehensive sequence resource of M. alternatus transcriptome for further study of the immune interactions between host and associated fungi.Monochamus alternatus, symbiotic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, RNA-seq, immune signaling pathway Citation:Zhang, W., Meng, J., Ning, J., Qin, P., Zhou, J., Zou, Z., Wang, Y., Jiang, H., Ahmad, F., Zhao, L., and Sun, J. (2017). Differential immune responses of Monochamus alternatus against symbiotic and entomopathogenic fungi. Sci China Life Sci 60, 902-910.

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Ophiostoma ipsfrom Pinewood Nematode Vector, Japanese Pine Sawyer Beetle (Monochamus alternatus), in Korea

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Fungal Associates of Conifer Bark Beetles and their Potential in Bark Beetle Control

Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Fungal Associates of Conifer Bark Beetles and their Potential in Bark Beetle Control

Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with pines infected by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Monochamus alternatus in China, including three new species

Differential immune responses of Monochamus alternatus against symbiotic and entomopathogenic fungi

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