<i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>and Scrub Typhus

Watt, George; Kantipong, Pacharee

doi:10.3109/9781420019971.017

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…86 Endemic regions are characterized by rice fields, scrubland, and the presence of primary deforestation. 85,86 In Japan, unlike infection caused by R. japonica, infection by O. tsutsugamushi is usually more frequent in November. 87 Other genera of the Trombiculidae family, such as Neotrombicula (N. japonica) and Eushoengastia (E. koreaensis), have also been implicated as possible vectors.…”

Section: Orientia Tsutsugamushi Infectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…84 The eco-epidemiology of this disease is determined by humid tropical regions where mites of the genus Leptotrombidium, known as trombiculids or chiggers, are reservoirs of O. tsutsugamushi and their larval stages act as human vectors. 85 Wild rodents are the main hosts of these mites. 86 Endemic regions are characterized by rice fields, scrubland, and the presence of primary deforestation.…”

Section: Orientia Tsutsugamushi Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Faccini-Martínez

García‐Álvarez

Hidalgo

et al. 2014

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Rickettsioses share common clinical manifestations, such as fever, malaise, exanthema, the presence or absence of an inoculation eschar, and lymphadenopathy. Some of these manifestations can be suggestive of certain species of Rickettsia infection. Nevertheless none of these manifestations are pathognomonic, and direct diagnostic methods to confirm the involved species are always required. A syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that characterizes a disease with many etiologies or causes. This situation is applicable to rickettsioses, where different species can cause similar clinical presentations. We propose a syndromic classification for these diseases: exanthematic rickettsiosis syndrome with a low probability of inoculation eschar and rickettsiosis syndrome with a probability of inoculation eschar and their variants. In doing so, we take into account the clinical manifestations, the geographic origin, and the possible vector involved, in order to provide a guide for physicians of the most probable etiological agent.

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Section: Orientia Tsutsugamushi Infectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Orientia Tsutsugamushi Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Faccini-Martínez

García‐Álvarez

Hidalgo

et al. 2014

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…6). Typically scrub typhus is considered a tropical disease, with the majority of cases occurring in rural Asian tropics, although cases have been reported in (15). The habitats within which transmission usually occurs are areas where scrubland has been allowed to grow after deforestation (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to humans. It is known to occur within a larger-than 8-millionkm 2 region, from Siberia in the north, the Kamchatka Peninsula in the east, Pakistan in the west, and down to Australia in the south (Queensland, the Northern Territory, Western Australia, and parts of Oceania) (1,5,15). It is estimated that more than one million cases of scrub typhus occur each year (16), although accurate incidence rates are hard to obtain as infection often occurs in rural areas where diagnostic facilities are limited.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation of a Novel Orientia Species ( O. chuto sp. nov.) from a Patient Infected in Dubai

et al. 2010

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“…The infection often causes vasculitis and multiple-organ failure 3,4. Patients with such complications usually have poor prognoses that may end with death, especially those with delayed diagnosis and treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical risk-scoring algorithm to forecast scrub typhus severity

Sriwongpan

Krittigamas

Tantipong

et al. 2013

RMHP

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PurposeTo develop a simple risk-scoring system to forecast scrub typhus severity.Patients and methodsSeven years’ retrospective data of patients diagnosed with scrub typhus from two university-affiliated hospitals in the north of Thailand were analyzed. Patients were categorized into three severity groups: nonsevere, severe, and dead. Predictors for severity were analyzed under multivariable ordinal continuation ratio logistic regression. Significant coefficients were transformed into item score and summed to total scores.ResultsPredictors of scrub typhus severity were age >15 years, (odds ratio [OR] =4.09), pulse rate >100/minute (OR 3.19), crepitation (OR 2.97), serum aspartate aminotransferase >160 IU/L (OR 2.89), serum albumin ≤3.0 g/dL (OR 4.69), and serum creatinine >1.4 mg/dL (OR 8.19). The scores which ranged from 0 to 16, classified patients into three risk levels: non-severe (score ≤5, n=278, 52.8%), severe (score 6–9, n=143, 27.2%), and fatal (score ≥10, n=105, 20.0%). Exact severity classification was obtained in 68.3% of cases. Underestimations of 5.9% and overestimations of 25.8% were clinically acceptable.ConclusionThe derived scrub typhus severity score classified patients into their severity levels with high levels of prediction, with clinically acceptable under- and overestimations. This classification may assist clinicians in patient prognostication, investigation, and management. The scoring algorithm should be validated by independent data before adoption into routine clinical practice.

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Orientia tsutsugamushiand Scrub Typhus

Cited by 10 publications

References 94 publications

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Isolation of a Novel Orientia Species ( O. chuto sp. nov.) from a Patient Infected in Dubai

Clinical risk-scoring algorithm to forecast scrub typhus severity

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