<i>OsCSLD1</i>, a Cellulose Synthase-Like D1 Gene, Is Required for Root Hair Morphogenesis in Rice

Kim, Chul Min; Park, Sung Han; Je, Byoung Il; Park, Sang Hyoung; Park, Soon Ju; Piao, Hai Long; Eun, Moo Young; Dolan, Liam; Han, Chang‐deok

doi:10.1104/pp.106.091546

Cited by 164 publications

(139 citation statements)

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“…The percentage of inside-out Golgi complex vesicles is determined by comparing the XyG FUTase activity assayed with or without permeabilization of the membrane vesicles with 1% Triton X-100. In this case, the inside-out or unsealed vesicles constitute only 8.8% of the total Wang et al 2001), AtCSLD5 (Bernal et al 2007), and OsCSLD1 (Kim et al 2007). However, none of the mutations have been linked to changes in speciWc sugar linkages within a speciWc cell wall polysaccharide and therefore the biochemical functions of these genes could not be determined from these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AtCSLD2 is an integral Golgi membrane protein with its N-terminus facing the cytosol

Zeng

Keegstra

2008

Planta

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Cellulose synthase-like proteins in the D family share high levels of sequence identity with the cellulose synthase proteins and also contain the processive -glycosyltransferase motifs conserved among all members of the cellulose synthase superfamily. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that members of the D family function as either cellulose synthases or glycan synthases involved in the formation of matrix polysaccharides. As a prelude to understanding the function of proteins in the D family, we sought to determine where they are located in the cell. A polyclonal antibody against a peptide located at the N-terminus of the Arabidopsis D2 cellulose synthase-like protein was generated and puriWed. After resolving Golgi vesicles from plasma membranes using endomembrane puriWcation techniques including two-phase partitioning and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, we used antibodies against known proteins and marker enzyme assays to characterize the various membrane preparations. The Arabidopsis cellulose synthase-like D2 protein was found mostly in a fraction that was enriched with Golgi membranes. In addition, versions of the Arabidopsis cellulose synthase-like D2 proteins tagged with a green Xuorescent protein was observed to colocalize with a DsRed-tagged Golgi marker protein, the rat alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase. Therefore, we postulate that the majority of Arabidopsis cellulose synthase-like D proteins, under our experimental conditions, are likely located at the Golgi membranes. Furthermore, protease digestion of Golgi-rich vesicles revealed almost complete loss of reaction with the antibodies, even without detergent treatment of the Golgi vesicles. Therefore, the N-terminus of the Arabidopsis cellulose synthase-like D2 protein likely faces the cytosol. Combining this observation with the transmembrane domain predictions, we postulate that the large hydrophilic domain of this protein also faces the cytosol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AtCSLD2 is an integral Golgi membrane protein with its N-terminus facing the cytosol

Zeng

Keegstra

2008

Planta

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“…Extensins and GPI-anchored proteins were not regulated in roots, and only one out of 34 cellulose synthase-related proteins responded to P deficiency in roots, that gene being downregulated. The cellulose synthase-like D1 (Os10g42750), shown to be required for root hair morphogenesis in rice (Kim et al 2007), was not affected by E or G. Based on studies with root-hair-defective Arabidopsis mutants, several additional genes have been linked to root hair development: guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), glycerophosphoryl-diester-phosphodiesterase-like GPI-anchored protein, and the COBRA-like gene COBL9 (Roudier et al 2002;Hochholdinger et al 2008). In our study, these genes were not differentially regulated by factors E or G.…”

Section: Root Hairsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Response Versus Stress Tolerance: A Transcriptome Analysis of Two Rice Lines Contrasting in Tolerance to Phosphorus Deficiency

Pariasca‐Tanaka

Satoh

Rose

et al. 2009

Rice

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Transcriptional profiling has identified genes associated with adaptive responses to phosphorus (P) deficiency; however, distinguishing stress response from tolerance has been difficult. We report gene expression patterns in two rice genotypes (Nipponbare and NIL6-4 which carries a major QTL for P deficiency tolerance (Pup1)) grown in soil with/without P fertilizer. We tested the hypotheses that tolerance of NIL6-4 is associated with (1) internal P remobilization/redistribution; (2) enhanced P solubilization and/or acquisition; and (3) root growth modifications that maximize P interception. Genes responding to P supply far exceeded those differing between genotypes. Genes associated with internal P remobilization/ redistribution and soil P solubilization/uptake were stress responsive but often more so in intolerant Nipponbare. However, genes putatively associated with root cell wall loosening and root hair extension (xyloglucan endotransglycosylases/hydrolases and NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductase) showed higher expression in roots of tolerant NIL6-4. This was supported by phenotypic data showing higher root biomass and hair length in NIL6-4.

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“…In Arabidopsis, Nicotiana spp. and rice, CslD expression is associated with tip-growing cells (root hairs, pollen tubes, xylem fibres) and in moss, protonema cells (Doblin et al 2001;Favery et al 2001;Wang et al 2001;Becker et al 2003;Honys and Twell 2003;Bernal et al 2007Bernal et al , 2008Kim et al 2007;Roberts and Bushoven 2007), providing correlative evidence for this proposal. CslD proteins have been located in the ER (Favery et al 2001;Bernal et al 2007), GA (Dunkley et al 2006;Bernal et al 2008;Zeng and Keegstra 2008) and PM (Natera et al 2008), making deductions of function from these data impossible.…”

Section: Rgxt1 Rgxt2mentioning

confidence: 65%

Plant cell walls: the skeleton of the plant world

Doblin

Pettolino

Bacic

2010

Functional Plant Biol.

182

140

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Abstract. Plants are our major source of renewable biomass. Since cell walls represent some 50% of this biomass, they are major targets for biotechnology. Major drivers are their potential as a renewable source of energy as transport fuels (biofuels), functional foods to improve human health and as a source of raw materials to generate building blocks for industrial processes (biobased industries). To achieve sustainable development, we must optimise plant production and utilisation and this will require a complete understanding of wall structure and function at the molecular/biochemical level. This overview summarises the current state of knowledge in relation to the synthesis and assembly of the wall polysaccharides (i.e. the genes and gene families encoding the polysaccharide synthases and glycosyltransferases (GlyTs)), the predominant macromolecular components. We also touch on an exciting emerging role of the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum as a signal perception and transduction pathway allowing plant growth regulation in response to endogenous and exogenous cues.Additional keywords: cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum, glycosyltransferase, polysaccharide structure and biosynthesis, synthase. Plant cell wallsA distinguishing feature of plant cells is the presence of a polysaccharide-rich wall. The wall encloses each cell while at the same time allowing the transfer of solutes and signalling molecules between cells via specific structures such as plasmodesmata (symplastic transport), or pores within the gellike matrix of the wall itself (apoplastic movement). Similar to the skeleton of animals, the plant wall is a key determinant of overall plant form, growth and development. In contrast to having a specialised skeletal system as occurs in animals, the shape and strength of plants rely on the properties of the wall. The wall also plays a significant role in plant defence and responses to environmental stresses. Plant walls are important not simply because they are integral to plant growth and development but also because they determine the quality of plant-based products. The texture, nutritional and processing properties of plant-based foods for human and animal consumption is heavily influenced by the characteristics of the wall. Fibre for textiles, pulp and paper manufacture, and timber products and increasingly for fuel and composite manufacture is largely composed of walls, or derived from them. Due to their relevance to these industries, the chemical structures of the constituent polymers (polysaccharides, (glyco) proteins, polyphenolics) and the biochemical processes involved in the synthesis, maturation and turnover of the wall have been the subjects of research for many years. This research is now intensifying with the prospect of using plant ligno-cellulosic biomass as a viable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels in the production of transportation fuels. Advances are likely to occur through molecular biological and functional genomics approaches, including pu...

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OsCSLD1, a Cellulose Synthase-Like D1 Gene, Is Required for Root Hair Morphogenesis in Rice

Cited by 164 publications

References 30 publications

AtCSLD2 is an integral Golgi membrane protein with its N-terminus facing the cytosol

AtCSLD2 is an integral Golgi membrane protein with its N-terminus facing the cytosol

Stress Response Versus Stress Tolerance: A Transcriptome Analysis of Two Rice Lines Contrasting in Tolerance to Phosphorus Deficiency

Plant cell walls: the skeleton of the plant world

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