PanulirusSpecies

Abstract

The publisher's policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards.For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: www.blackwellpublishing.com ContentsContributors xvi Preface xix Chapter 1 Growth and Development: Understanding and Modelling Growth Variability in Lobsters Richard A. Wahle and Michael J. Fogarty 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Development, growth patterns and the moult 1.2.1 Larvae and postlarvae 1.2.2 Juveniles and adults 1.2.3 Moult stages and endocrine control 1.3 Measuring growth 1.3.1 First moult in captivity 1.3.2 Tagging 1.3.3 Analysis of size-frequency distributions 1.3.4 Physiological age markers 1.3.5 Radionucleotide ratios to determine intermoult periods 1.3.6 Indicators of growth potential 1.4 Environmental influences on growth and maturity 1.4.1 Temperature Larvae and postlarvae Juveniles and adults 1.4.2 Light and photoperiod Larvae and postlarvae Juveniles and adults 1.4.3 Food limitation Larvae and postlarvae Juveniles and adults 1.4.4 Density effects Larvae and postlarvae Juveniles and adults 1.4.5 Space and shelter 1.4.6 Behavioural and social conditions 1.5 Modelling growth 1.5.1 Continuous growth models Modelling growth in weight 1.5.2 Moult process models Moult probability and intermoult duration Size increase per moult Mean growth v vi Contents 1.5.3 Scaling time Gnomonic intervals Physiological time units 1.5.4 Modelling variability in growth Distributed delay models Simulation and matrix representations Degree-day models 1.6 Conclusions and future directions References Chapter 2 Reproduction Alison B. MacDiarmid and Bernard Sainte-Marie 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Reproductive morphology 2.2.1 General patterns 2.2.2 Sperm delivery and storage 2.3 Maturation 2.3.1 Indicators of maturation 2.3.2 Female size at onset of maturity 2.3.3 Male size at onset of maturity 2.3.4 Variation in SOM among species 2.3.5 Variation in SOM among populations 2.4 Timing and duration of female receptivity 2.4.1 Importance for the mating system 2.4.2 Link to moulting schedules 2.4.3 Environmental influences 2.4.4 Daily timing 2.5 Mate attraction, recognition, choice and competition 2.5.1 Finding a mate 2.5.2 Olfactory, visual, auditory and tactile cues 2.5.3 Mate recognition 2.5.4 Operational sex ratio 2.5.5 Indicators of mate quality 2.5.6 Courting and copulation 2.6 Copulation and sperm transfer and storage 2.6.1 Copulation and ejaculate size 2.6.2 Sperm availability 2.6.3 Sperm storage 2.7 Fertilisation and egg-laying 2.7.1 Polyandry 2.7.2 Sperm to egg ratios and non-mating 2.8 Egg brooding and hatching 2.8.1 Partitioning reproductive effort 2.8.2 Egg loss 2.8.3 Brooding migrations 2.9 Lobster mating systems and exploitation 2.9.1 Breeding population size structure 2.9.2 Reproductive responses to exploitation Contents...

Recovery of the eastern rock lobsterSagmariasus verreauxioff New South Wales, Australia

“…Liggins et al 2011 first maturity, prohibition of taking ovigerous females and later the freeze on fishing licences, all introduced prior to 1993 were ineffective in maintaining a sustainable S. verreauxi stock. Similar experiences have been had in many lobster fisheries Á for example, the fishery for Panulirus argus in Cuba and Brazil (Phillips & Melville-Smith 2006) and the Jasus edwardsii in New Zealand (Miller & Breen 2010) and Australia (Hamon et al 2009) Á where a legal minimum length and protection of mature females did not stop a decline in stock biomass. However, the S. verreauxi population has clearly benefited from the additional conservation measures first put in place between 1993 and 1995 and subsequently reinforced with the objectives, performance indicators and trigger points of the Share Management Plan (Anonymous 2000) and Fishery Management Strategy (Anonymous 2007).…”

“…Legal minimum lengths have been set in lobster fisheries at around the size at which 50% of females are first mature so that most animals have a chance to spawn at least once before being susceptible to capture (e.g. Booth 2006;Cobb & Castro 2006;Groeneveld et al 2006;Phillips & Melville-Smith 2006). In contrast, the legal minimum length for S. verreauxi was introduced in 1902 for marketing reasons at a length which was considered to be a 'plate-sized' lobster.…”

“…see reviews by Booth & Breen 1994;Polovina 1994;Groeneveld et al 2006;Phillips & Melville-Smith 2006). In some cases what follows is a restructuring of the fishery with the objective to rebuild the stock.…”

“…The latter can take the form of legal minimum and/ or maximum lengths, a prohibition on the taking ovigerous females, 'v-notching' females (clawed lobsters only) so that these become protected, or a closed season (e.g. see reviews by Booth 2006;Groeneveld et al 2006;Phillips & Melville-Smith 2006). In addition, the management of some spiny lobster stocks may directly or indirectly include marine-protected areas, e.g.…”

“…We separate the description of the course of the fishery into the periods before (1883 to 1992Á93) and after (1993Á94 to present) current management (ITQ) arrangements were introduced. We used reviews by Booth (2006), Groeneveld et al (2006) and Phillips & Melville-Smith (2006) and the literature since then to comment upon whether there are any common ingredients to the strategies for managing lobster fisheries.…”