<i>Phytophthora pluvialis</i> Studies on Douglas-fir Require Swiss Needle Cast Suppression

Gómez-Gallego, Mireia; Bader, Martin K.‐F.; Scott, P. M.; Leuzinger, Sebastian; Williams, N.

doi:10.1094/pdis-12-16-1738-re

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The use of laboratory-based assays are under development as a possible option for discovering a stronger genetic signal, although even within more controlled conditions, variation remains a challenge [59]. Detached needle based experiments are especially useful in situations where two diseases often co-occur in the field and genetic signals can be confounded, for example, Phytophthora pluvialis and Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii causing Swiss needle cast in Douglas-fir [60].…”

Section: Potential Of Genomics To Predict Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of trait’s expression level on single-step genomic evaluation of resistance to Dothistroma needle blight

et al. 2020

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Background: Many conifer breeding programs are paying increasing attention to breeding for resistance to needle disease due to the increasing importance of climate change. Phenotyping of traits related to resistance has many biological and temporal constraints that can often confound the ability to achieve reliable phenotypes and consequently, reliable genetic progress. The development of next generation sequencing platforms has also enabled implementation of genomic approaches in species lacking robust reference genomes. Genomic selection is, therefore, a promising strategy to overcome the constraints of needle disease phenotyping. Results: We found high accuracy in the prediction of genomic breeding values in the disease-related traits that were well characterized, reaching 0.975 for genotyped individuals and 0.587 for non-genotyped individuals. This compared well with pedigree-based accuracies of up to 0.746. Surprisingly, poorly phenotyped disease traits also showed very high accuracy in terms of correlation of predicted genomic breeding values with pedigree-based counterparts. However, this was likely caused by the fact that both were clustered around the population mean, while deviations from the population mean caused by genetic effects did not appear to be well described. Caution should therefore be taken with the interpretation of results in poorly phenotyped traits. Conclusions: Implementation of genomic selection in this test population of Pinus radiata resulted in a relatively high prediction accuracy of needle loss due to Dothistroma septosporum compared with a pedigree-based approach. Using genomics to avoid biological/temporal constraints where phenotyping is reliable appears promising. Unsurprisingly, reliable phenotyping, resulting in good heritability estimates, is a fundamental requirement for the development of a reliable prediction model. Furthermore, our results are also specific to the single pathogen mating-type that is present in New Zealand, and may change with future incursion of other pathogen varieties. There is no doubt, however, that once a robust genomic prediction model is built, it will be invaluable to not only select for host tolerance, but for other economically important traits simultaneously. This tool will thus future-proof our forests by mitigating the risk of disease outbreaks induced by future changes in climate.

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Section: Potential Of Genomics To Predict Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of trait’s expression level on single-step genomic evaluation of resistance to Dothistroma needle blight

et al. 2020

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“…Douglas fir twigs were inoculated by placing them in demineralised water together with ten mycelium plugs from 10‐day‐old cultures grown on CA. After 10 days at 17°C in the dark, needles with typical olive‐green lesions (Gomez‐Gallego et al., 2017) were observed (Figure 3). Ten twigs were also inoculated by placing a mycelium plug of the pathogen in a wound made in the bark.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

First report of Phytophthora pluvialis in Douglas fir plantations in Belgium

Pirronitto,

Paquet,

Gaucet

et al. 2024

New Disease Reports

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Following a report of Phytophthora pluvialis in the United Kingdom in 2021 (Pérez-Sierra et al., 2022), surveillance for this forest pathogen started in 2023 in southern Belgium. Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) was surveyed as it is an economically important conifer species and a major host for P. pluvialis. Fifteen Douglas fir plantations close to streams were visited between May and October. Two monitoring methods were used: checking trees for symptoms of the disease (shoot dieback, resinous cankers, needle loss) and baiting in streams using a qPCR detection method developed by McDougal et al. (2021). Baiting was done using Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) twigs placed in cheesecloth bags attached to the riverbank which were left floating on the water surface in the river for two weeks.F I G U R E 1 Morphological features of Phytophthora pluvialis: a) colony on carrot agar after10 days; b) hyphal swellings on carrot agar; and c) oogonium and amphigynous antheridium This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…These are usually because of photo-oxidation, Chl degradation, or impaired Chl biosynthesis [84], and our data suggest that these processes have occurred in pepper plant leaves as a result of A. alternata infection. Besides, reductions in stomatal conductance may also occur under A. alternata attack because of hyphal development blocking the stomatal opening [85]. As well, toxins generated by fungal infections like A. alternata can also impair the host's defensive response and limit leaf photosynthetic area [70].…”

Section: Photosynthetic Pigments In Pepper Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of the PGPR Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against Alternaria alternata with growth promotion influences on Capsicum annuum L. plants

2023

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Alternaria alternata that threatens pepper production and causes major economic harm is responsible for the leaf spot/blight disease. Chemical fungicides have been widely employed; unfortunately, fungicidal resistance is a current concern. Therefore, finding new environmentally friendly biocontrol agents is a future challenge. One of these friendly solutions is the use of bacterial endophytes that have been identified as a source of bioactive compounds. The current study investigates the in vivo and in vitro fungicidal potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against pathogenic A. alternata. In vitro, the results revealed that RaSh1 exhibited strong antagonistic activity against A. alternata. In addition to this, we inoculated pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants with B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 and infected them with A. alternata. As a result of A. alternata infection, which generated the highest leaf spot disease incidence (DI), the plant's growth indices and physio-biochemical characteristics significantly decreased, according to our findings. Our results also showed the abnormal and deformed cell structure using light and electron microscopy of A. alternata-infected leaves compared with other treatments. However, DI was greatly reduced with B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 application (40%) compared to pepper plants infected with A. alternata (80%), and this led to the largest increases in all identified physio-biochemical parameters, including the activity of the defense-related enzymes. Moreover, inoculation of pepper plants with B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 decreased electrolyte leakage by 19.53% and MDA content by 38.60% as compared to A. alternata infected ones. Our results show that the endophyte B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 has excellent potential as a biocontrol agent and positively affects pepper plant growth.

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Phytophthora pluvialis Studies on Douglas-fir Require Swiss Needle Cast Suppression

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of trait’s expression level on single-step genomic evaluation of resistance to Dothistroma needle blight

Effect of trait’s expression level on single-step genomic evaluation of resistance to Dothistroma needle blight

First report of Phytophthora pluvialis in Douglas fir plantations in Belgium

In vivo and In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of the PGPR Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against Alternaria alternata with growth promotion influences on Capsicum annuum L. plants

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