Plan B for Europe: The Birth of ‘Disobedient Euroscepticism’?

Abstract

Despite attempts in the broader literature to go beyond a binary classification of party-based Euroscepticism, Eurosceptic radical left parties are still generally divided into those advocating reform of the EU and those calling for an exit from the EU. The most notable exception is the classification proposed by Keith (2017), who distinguishes between Rejectionist, Conditional and Expansionist Euroscepticism. However, this article argues that a new form of left-wing Euroscepticism has emerged since 2016, which does not fit with any of the existing classifications. It is the position put forward by 'Plan B for Europe', a transnational initiative of radical left parties, which advocates a disobedient approach towards the EU that simultaneously aims for the reformation of the latter while preparing for a break from it. This is a novel type of party-based Euroscepticism that should supplement Keith's classification.

All for One, and One for All? Analysing Party Positions on EU Solidarity in Germany in Challenging Times

“…The pronounced pro-EU solidarity positioning of the Left Party, however, shows that radical left parties may oppose market integration but strongly support the social dimension of the EU – so-called ‘social Europe’. Thus, our analysis supports recent accounts that argue for a more fine-grained analysis of the critical positions of radical left and left populist parties towards the EU (Bortun 2022; Pellegata and Visconti 2022).…”

«Твердий» І «м’який» Партійний Євроскептицизм У Сучасній Польщі

“…Поворот у аналізі природи євроскептицизму стався після появи і поширення партійєвроскептиків у постсоціалістичних країнах. Серед найбільш значимих концептуалістів партійного євроскептицизму необхідно згадати Алекса Щербяка та Пола Таггарта (Szczerbiak & Taggart, 2002;Szczerbiak & Taggart, 2003), Петра Копецкі та Кас Муда (Kopecký & Mudde, 2002), Сорена Ріішой (Riishøj, 2004), Софію Васілопулу (Vasilopolou, 2009), Владіміра Бортуна (Bortun, 2022), Нори Лазар (Lázár, 2015), Марцела Мартинковича (Martinkovič, 2018), Радослава Зендеровського (Zenderowski, 2010).…”