<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>sera-t-il un autre tueur en série ?

Picot, Stéphane; Bienvenu, Anne‐Lise

doi:10.1051/medsci/2009256-7622

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Historically, India is highly endemic to P. vivax but recent reports suggest that malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are in equal proportions [ 1 ]. The portrayal of P. vivax as benign is now being challenged, as reports of respiratory distress and coma have emerged along with the increasing resistance of the parasite to chloroquine [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. This situation complicates the epidemiology as well as outcome of P. vivax malaria not only in India but in global context calling for the urgent attention for effective control measures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms in VIR Genes among Indian Plasmodium vivax Populations

et al. 2014

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The vir genes are antigenic genes and are considered to be possible vaccine targets. Since India is highly endemic to Plasmodium vivax, we sequenced 5 different vir genes and investigated DNA sequence variations in 93 single-clonal P. vivax isolates. High variability was observed in all the 5 vir genes; the vir 1/9 gene was highly diverged across Indian populations. The patterns of genetic diversity do not follow geographical locations, as geographically distant populations were found to be genetically similar. The results in general present complex genetic diversity patterns in India, requiring further in-depth population genetic and functional studies.

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms in VIR Genes among Indian Plasmodium vivax Populations

et al. 2014

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“…Indeed, the role of EPO as an adjunctive treatment for CM patients has been proposed [53]. EPO administration was shown to increase the survival of mice during murine experimental CM [54] and the administration of EPO in humans has been tried with no adverse effects reported [55]. In our studies, both in India and Ghana, we observed that CM patients who died had low VEGF levels [30,31], implying that VEGF may be required for tissue recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Potential Serological Biomarkers of Cerebral Malaria

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Biomarkers have been used to diagnose and prognosticate the progress and outcome of many chronic diseases such as neoplastic and non communicable diseases. However, only recently did the field of malaria research move in the direction of actively identifying biomarkers that can accurately discriminate the severe forms of malaria. Malaria continues to be a deadly disease, killing close to a million people (mostly children) every year. One life-threatening complication of malaria is cerebral malaria (CM). Studies carried out in Africa have demonstrated that even with the best treatment, as high as 15-30% of CM patients die and about 10-24% of CM survivors suffer short-or long-term neurological impairment. The transition from mild malaria to CM can be sudden and requires immediate intervention. Currently, there is no biological test available to confirm the diagnosis of CM and its complications. It is hoped that development of biomarkers to identify CM patients and potential risk for adverse outcomes would greatly enhance better intervention and clinical management to improve the outcomes. We review here what is currently known regarding biomarkers for CM outcomes. A Pub Med literature search was performed using the following search terms: "malaria," "cerebral malaria," "biomarkers," "mortality" and "neurological sequelae." This search revealed a paucity of usable biomarkers for CM management. We propose three main areas in which researchers can attempt to identify CM biomarkers: 1) early biomarkers, 2) diagnostic biomarkers and 3) prognostic biomarkers.Keywords: Biomarkers, cerebral malaria, severe malaria, malaria Biomarkers in disease managementA biomarker is a substance or a characteristic that can be objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic processes, pathogenic processes or responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers have been used to diagnose and prognosticate the progress and outcome of many diseases. used to support disease management and control in many different aspects: 1) to diagnose a disease, 2) to identify "at risk" individuals, 3) to stratify patients depending on disease severity, 4) to provide prognosis of the disease, 5) to assess disease severity, 6) to provide some guidance in the treatment and management of a disease and eventually 7) to identify at risk patients for long term complication after the manifestation of a particular illness. Biomarkers can be found in any biological fluids such as serum, plasma, urine, cells or they can be biological products such as metabolites, cytokines or genetic markers. [2]. Briefly, the initial phase involves preclinical exploration during which potential biomarkers are identified. Markers capable of discriminating the severity of the disease are identified at this phase. The second phase involves the development of clinical assay (s) capable of measuring the potential biomarkers; these assays are established to detect the disease and validate the biomarkers. In the third phase, retrospective longitudinal stu...

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“…Several hypotheses can be formulated. First, this study concerned a sample of patients infected by P. vivax only, with few severe cases (4%) and low haemolysis [ 19 ]. Second, changes in G6PD activity associated with acute haemolysis may differ from one variant to another.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity during Plasmodium vivax infection: implications for early radical malaria treatment

Dahuron,

Goungounga,

Drame

et al. 2024

Malar J

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Background Plasmodium vivax relapses due to dormant liver hypnozoites can be prevented with primaquine. However, the dose must be adjusted in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. In French Guiana, assessment of G6PD activity is typically delayed until day (D)14 to avoid the risk if misclassification. This study assessed the kinetics of G6PD activity throughout P. vivax infection to inform the timing of treatment. Methods For this retrospective monocentric study, data on G6PD activity between D1 and D28 after treatment initiation with chloroquine or artemisinin-based combination therapy were collected for patients followed at Cayenne Hospital, French Guiana, between January 2018 and December 2020. Patients were divided into three groups based on the number of available G6PD activity assessments: (i) at least two measurements during the P. vivax malaria infection; (ii) two measurements: one during the current infection and one previously; (iii) only one measurement during the malaria infection. Results In total, 210 patients were included (80, 20 and 110 in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Data from group 1 showed that G6PD activity remained stable in each patient over time (D1, D3, D7, D14, D21, D28). None of the patients with normal G6PD activity during the initial phase (D1–D3) of the malaria episode (n = 44) was categorized as G6PD-deficient at D14. Patients with G6PD activity < 80% at D1 or D3 showed normal activity at D14. Sex and reticulocyte count were statistically associated with G6PD activity variation. In the whole sample (n = 210), no patient had severe G6PD deficiency (< 10%) and only three between 10 and 30%, giving a G6PD deficiency prevalence of 1.4%. Among the 100 patients from group 1 and 2, 30 patients (26.5%) were lost to follow-up before primaquine initiation. Conclusions In patients treated for P. vivax infection, G6PD activity did not vary over time. Therefore, G6PD activity on D1 instead of D14 could be used for primaquine dose-adjustment. This could allow earlier radical treatment with primaquine, that could have a public health impact by decreasing early recurrences and patients lost to follow-up before primaquine initiation. This hypothesis needs to be confirmed in larger prospective studies.

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Plasmodium vivaxsera-t-il un autre tueur en série ?

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Genetic Polymorphisms in VIR Genes among Indian Plasmodium vivax Populations

Genetic Polymorphisms in VIR Genes among Indian Plasmodium vivax Populations

Potential Serological Biomarkers of Cerebral Malaria

Kinetics of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity during Plasmodium vivax infection: implications for early radical malaria treatment

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