<i>Plesiomonas shigelloides</i>Infection, Ecuador, 2004–2008

Escobar, Juan Carlos; Bhavnani, Darlene; Trueba, Gabriel; Ponce, Karina; Cevallos, William; Eisenberg, Joseph N. S.

doi:10.3201/eid1802.110562

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, of these four studies only two (84, 85) strongly supported a role for this species in gastroenteritis. This finding may not be as problematic as it first appears (Table 3) (79,82,84,85). Since almost all of these studies were centered in developing nations located in tropical/subtropical climates, they all appeared to have a higher incidence of the disease.…”

Section: Cholera-like Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Some studies have suggested that P. shigelloides is often found in association with other enteric pathogens (82,234), and this needs to be more fully investigated. The development of CIDT systems, such as the FilmArray gastrointestinal panel that includes this enteropathogen, may help to resolve some of these issues in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still, these studies are not without issues. An Ecuadorian study found that when only single infections with P. shigelloides were considered, case prevalence rates dropped from 11.4% to Ͻ5%, which was less than the community prevalence rate (82). Those authors suggested that the pathogenicity of this organism, while apparently low, might be linked to concurrent infection with another enteric pathogen(s).…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, many international studies have found Plesiomonas to be a common enteric pathogen in select patient populations. The frequency of plesiomonads recovered as enteric pathogens in diarrheal stools in these settings ranges from 2% to Ͼ10% (79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86), with the exception of one retrospective study which found the prevalence of P. shigelloides in inpatients with gastroenteritis from 2001 to 2012 in southeast China to be 0.009% (84). Most of these surveys have originated from tropical or subtropical regions of the world where warmer temperatures may allow for the persistence of plesiomonads in higher numbers in freshwater sources, leading to a greater infectivity rate.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plesiomonas shigelloides Revisited

Janda¹,

2016

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SUMMARYAfter many years in the familyVibrionaceae, the genusPlesiomonas, represented by a single species,P. shigelloides, currently resides in the familyEnterobacteriaceae, although its most appropriate phylogenetic position may yet to be determined. Common environmental reservoirs for plesiomonads include freshwater ecosystems and estuaries and inhabitants of these aquatic environs. Long suspected as being an etiologic agent of bacterial gastroenteritis, convincing evidence supporting this conclusion has accumulated over the past 2 decades in the form of a series of foodborne outbreaks solely or partially attributable toP. shigelloides. The prevalence ofP. shigelloidesenteritis varies considerably, with higher rates reported from Southeast Asia and Africa and lower numbers from North America and Europe. Reasons for these differences may include hygiene conditions, dietary habits, regional occupations, or other unknown factors. Other human illnesses caused byP. shigelloidesinclude septicemia and central nervous system disease, eye infections, and a variety of miscellaneous ailments. For years, recognizable virulence factors potentially associated withP. shigelloidespathogenicity were lacking; however, several good candidates now have been reported, including a cytotoxic hemolysin, iron acquisition systems, and lipopolysaccharide. WhileP. shigelloidesis easy to identify biochemically, it is often overlooked in stool samples due to its smaller colony size or relatively low prevalence in gastrointestinal samples. However, one FDA-approved PCR-based culture-independent diagnostic test system to detect multiple enteropathogens (FilmArray) includesP. shigelloideson its panel. Plesiomonads produce β-lactamases but are typically susceptible to many first-line antimicrobial agents, including quinolones and carbapenems.

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Section: Cholera-like Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plesiomonas shigelloides Revisited

Janda¹,

2016

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“…The natural reservoirs of this organism are water, fish and seafood in temperate and tropical climates (Miller et al, 2006;Herrera et al, 2006). In humans, it has been implicated in gastrointestinal infections (Escobar et al, 2012). Burkholderia cepacia found to be contaminated only in Fishes at the range of 6 out of 353 samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Potentially Pathogenic Vibrio and related species in Seafoods obtained from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Ibrahim¹,

Shabeeb²,

Noureldin³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci

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Seafoods are liable to bacterial contamination and could cause health risk to consumers. The present work is aimed to study the occurrence of potentially pathogenic and related species in seafoods obtained from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Studies were carried out to isolate, identify and characterized different bacterial species in 448 seafood samples comprising Fishes (353), Prawns (49) and Cuttlefishes (46), collected during the period from January 2015 until May 2016. TCBS agar was used for isolation and presumptive colonies both suspicious and non-suspicious for Vibrios were subcultured, characterized by biochemical tests and then identified at the genus and species level using API 20NE test kits. Species belongs to 8 bacterial families were isolated and the most predominant was Vibrionaceae 262 (58.4 %), followed by Aeromonadaceae 45 (10.4 %), Shewanellaceae 16 (3.57 %), Pasteurellaceae 13 (2.90 %), Caulobacteriaceae 9 (2.00 %), Pseudomonadaceae 7 (1.56 %), Enterobacteriaceae 7 (1.56 %) and Burkholderiaceae 6 (1.33 %). The presence of these organisms in the fresh seafood samples showed that the source of contamination may be from environment, catching, unhygienic handling and transportation. Thus it is strongly recommended that fresh seafoods must be properly stored at low temperature, good hygienic practices must be strictly followed and the seafoods must be adequately subjected to proper cooking before consumption.

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