Prevotellaenzymes involved in mucin oligosaccharide degradation and evidence for a small operon of genes expressed during growth on mucin

Abstract

Mucin desulfation is believed to be a rate-limiting step in mucin degradation by colon bacteria. The activities of enzymes hydrolysing nine linkages found in mucin oligosaccharide chains were measured using model substrates, in extracts of two mucin-degrading bacteria, Prevotella strain RS2 and Bacteroides fragilis. Sulfatases desulfating N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfate, galactose-6-sulfate and galactose-3-sulfate were found. The genomic DNA downstream from the gene encoding the mucin-desulfating sulfatase (N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase) in Prevotella was sequenced, and two putative genes identified which are likely to be coexpressed with this sulfatase, though their activities are unknown. Northern and Western analyses showed that expression of this short operon of three genes is increased during growth on mucin.

The gut microbiota and its relationship to diet and obesity

“…These are known to operate in synergy to break down mucin glycoproteins. 21 Enterotype 3 is the most common enterotype and is distinguished on the basis of enrichment in the levels of Ruminococcus and the co-occurring Akkermansia, both of which contain species capable of degrading mucins. 22 The relationship between diet and enterotype is addressed below.…”

Sulfatasen: Struktur, Mechanismus, biologische Aktivität, Inhibition, Anwendung in Synthesen

“…[208,209] Andere sulfatierte Kohlenhydrate des GI-Traktes (z. B. Glycosaminoglycane und Sialylsubstrate) haben bestimmte Zuckerreste mit Mucinen gemeinsam.…”

“…[207] Möglicherweise enthält Prevotella RS2 eine weitere, für Gal 6S spezifische Mucin-Sulfatase, da Lysate aus Zellen, die auf Dickdarm-Mucin gewachsen waren, sowohl Aktivität für Glc 6S -als auch für Gal 6S -Substrate zeigte. [209] In teilweise gereinigten Extrakten aus Bacteriodes fragilis wurden ebenfalls zwei separate Mucin-Sulfatasen gefunden, E. coli S*-Mensch, DickdarmMucin…”

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota on the Inflammatory Background due to Lack of Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling-1 in Mice

“…However, in our experiments, inoculation of P. copri from humans in mice did not worsen the phenotype of DSS-induced colitis, probably due to the failure to colonize the mice with P. copri . It is known that Prevotellaceae produce sulfatases which degrade mucus oligosaccharides leading to disruption of the mucosal barrier function [41]. Impairment of the barrier function of the epithelial cell layer results in chronic inflammation such as IBD, and indeed sulfatases are increased in the intestinal mucosa in IBD patients [42].…”