PUTRANJIVA ROXHBURGHII– I. Constituents of the seed coat

Abstract

PUTRANJIVA ROXHBURGHIZI. Constituents of the seed coat B y H . S . G a r g and C . R . M i t r a Putranjiva roxhburghii W a l I. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medium sized shady tree with dense foliage. Its fruits are reputed in folk medicine as a preventive against children's diseases (W a t t). ITC-glycosides (P u n t a m b e k a r , 1950, A n d e r sj a i r , 1962) have been isolated from the seed kernel in which traces of an uncharacterised saponin were noted ( K r i s h n a and P u n t a m b e k a r , 1931). In continuation of the work ( M i t r a et al. 1962, 1963, 1965) o n saponin-bearing fruits/ 19 subjected to paper co-chromatography with BuOH : AcOH : H,O = 5 : 4 : 1 using aniline phthalate developer, which confirmed the presence of arabinose (R1.., 0.24), rham~iose (Rr, 0.41), and glucose (RF, 0.18) as well as the other solvent system, BuOH : Py : H,O : Bz = 5 : 3 : 3 : 1. N o unidentified spot was traced on the chromatograms.The sterol and the sterol glucoside: The ether soluble portion of the seed coat extract was washed with sodium carbonate solution (5 per cent; 25 rnl X 3) subsequently with water till freed of alkali, dried (Na,SO,) and solvent removed when a darlc-brown semisolid mass (c 40 g) was obtained. The residue on chromatography over alumina (840 g; eluent, hexane-benzene) yielded the sterol, ni. p. 140'. The main bulk of this fraction was however, a viscous terpenic constituent which did not crystallise. On continuing with the chromatogram, the methanol eluate yielded P-Dglucoside of p-sitosterol, m. p. 281-283O, (u)%-18' (c, 1.0; pyridine) which on acid hydrolysis yielded p-sitosterol m. p. 136-137O; and glucose was identified as the only sugar in aqueous hydrolysate.The sterol acelare: The acetate was prepared by heating the sterol (80 mg) with acetic anhydride (15 ml) and fused sodium acetate (100 mg) at 100' for 6 hrs and subsequently at 120' for 2 hrs. On usual working and chromatography over alumina (2 g; eluent, hexane) and finally crystallization (alcohol), it melted at 126-128'; (u)' ?J-26O. AbstractA crystalline triterpenoid saponin designated Putranjivoside, C47H700L6 6 H 2 0 , m. p. 215-217O, (a)D-350, has been isolated from the seed coat of Putranjiva roxhbz~rghii and it has been established to be 3-P-L-arabino-L-rhamno-D-glucoside of oleanolic acid. T h e other constituents include free p-sitosterol and (3-Dglucoside of [3-sitosterol apart from a viscous liquid terpenic fraction.

Phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Drypetes: A review

“…roxburghii and was established to be 3β-L-arabino-L-rhamno-D-glucoside of oleanolic acid (Garg and Mitra, 1968a). Furthermore, the benzene extract of the leaves of D. roxburghii gave β-amyrin (42) and a β-amyrin palmitate (59) (Chopra et al, 1968).…”