Retracted: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia admitted to an intensive care unit in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Abstract

Aim To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of adult patients with severe COVID‐19, with the exploration of risk factors for mortality in the hospital. Methods This study included 20 adult patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 admitted to the ICU of DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad (Pakistan). Patients were categorised into the survival group and the death group according to the outcome. We retrieved demographics, clinical manifestations and signs, laboratory indicators, treatment measures and clinical outcomes from the medical record, and summarised the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients. Results The average age of patients was 70 ± 12 years, of which 40% were male. They were admitted to the ICU 11 days after the onset of symptoms. The most common symptoms on admission were cough (19 cases, 95%), fatigue or myalgia (18 cases, 90%), fever (17 cases, 85%) and dyspnoea (16 cases, 80%). Eleven (55%) patients had underlying diseases, of which hypertension was the most common (11 cases, 55%), followed by cardiovascular disease (4 cases, 20%) and diabetes (3 cases, 15%). Six patients (30%) received invasive mechanical ventilation and continuous renal replacement therapy and eventually died. Acute heart injury was the most common complication (19 cases, 95%). Ten (50%) patients died between 2 and 19 days after admission to the ICU. Compared with dead patients, the average body weight of surviving patients was lower (61.70 ± 2.36 vs 68.60 ± 7.15, P = .01), Glasgow Coma Scale score was higher (14.69 ± 0.70 vs 12.70 ± 2.45, P = .03), with fewer concurrent shocks (2 vs 10, P = .001) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (2 vs 10, P = .001). Conclusion The mortality rate is high in critically ill patients with COVID‐19. Lower Glasgow Coma Scale, higher body weight and decreased lymphocyte count appear to be potential risk factors for the death of patients with COVID‐19 in the ICU.

Do Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients Present a Higher Case-Fatality Rate Compared With Other Infectious Respiratory Pandemics? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Finally, a total of 61 peer-reviewed studies were included in the final analysis (Fig. 1A) 10,12,13,21–78 . Of these final 61 studies, 11 studies were conducted in China, 3 were conducted in America (2 studies from South America and 1 study from Central America), 17 involved centers in the United States, 16 involved centers in Europe, 3 involved centers in Canada, 9 involved centers in Asia, and 2 were based on multinational collaborations (one was between the United Kingdom and Ireland, and the second was between the United States, Europe, Canada, and Japan).…”

Biased, wrong and counterfeited evidences published during the COVID-19 pandemic, a systematic review of retracted COVID-19 papers

“…For reference, the entirety of the selected papers can be found in Table 1, and their citations are as follows: Ghanchi et al 2020a, b;Elkhouly et al 2020;Mulvey et al 2020;Sun et al 2020;Lu et al 2020;Beato-Víbora 2020;Mehra et al 2020a, b;Mehra et al 2020a, b;Walach et al 2021;Dutta et al 2021;Friedlich et al 2021;Ali et al 2020a, b;Lin 2021;Ali et al 2020a, b;Khalifa et al 2020;Gul et al 2021;Victor 2020a, b;Victor 2020a, b;Colchero et al 2021;Saha et al 2021;Ma et al 2021;Imran et al 2021;Akbar et al 2020;Ferdous et al 2021;Jiménez-Ruiz et al 2021;Savaris et al 2021;Grech 2020a, b;Zago Filho et al 2020;Atangana et al 2021;Mao et al 2021;Fioranelli et al 2020;Deokar et al 2020;Temmerman 2021;Ibrahimagić et al 2021;Saxena 2020;Grech 2020a, b;Din et al 2020;Bae et al 2020;Zeng et al 2020;Funck-Brentano et al 2020;Woodle et al 2021;…”

Respiratory and Circulatory Problems of Covid-19 in the Context of Establishing Intensive Care Unit Nursing Diagnosis

“…The etiology of problems are airway hypersecretion and inflammatory processes (associated condition: respiratory tract infection). The nursing problem is integrated with the findings, such as 1) the majority of respondents with cough by 45.45-80.00%; 2) the majority of respondents with dyspnea by 50.90-80.00%; 3) increased work of breathing and shortness of breath; 4) productive cough by 35.07% of respondents; 5) the mean of respiratory rate (RR) was 29.30 bpm with standard deviation of 7.21 bpm; 6) respiratory rate >24 bpm by 70% of respondents; 7) pulmonary auscultation was rhonchi in bilateral lungs; 8) the median of C-reactive protein was 55.30 mg/L (minmax: 11.32-124.53); 9) the median of Procalcitonin was 0.21 ng/mL (0.16-0.26); 10) the median of Interleukin 6 was 46.18 pg/ml (min-max: 27.39-150.40); 11) chest CT scan showed ground-glass opacity (GGO) of 100% respondents Chest X-ray showed bilateral lung opacities on perihilar and middle to inferior lung fields; 12) bronchoscopy result (at fourteen hospitalizations) showed a very thick mucous plug on the right and left main bronchus (Gul et al, 2021;McGovern et al, 2020;Sadeghi et al, 2020;Widysanto et al, 2020;Zeng et al, 2020;L. Zhang et al, 2020).…”

“…The COVID-19 patients receive anticoagulant therapy because they experience coagulopathy abnormalities. This was in line with the findings that the majority of respondents experienced an increase D-dimer >1 mg/mL of 75%, D-dimer of 124.86 μg/ml (NR: 0.15-0.50), the peak value of D-dimers was 7655 ng/mL (during fourteen days in ICU), the median of Fibrinogen was 4.55 g/L (minmax: 3.60-5.99), and peak value of Fibrinogen was 680 mg/L (during the first week in ICU) (Díaz-Pérez et al, 2020;Gul et al, 2021;McGovern et al, 2020;Zeng et al, 2020).…”