Retracted: Long non‐coding RNA GAS5 aggravates hypoxia injury in PC‐12 cells via down‐regulating miR‐124

Abstract

One important feature of cerebral ischemia is hypoxia injury in nerve cells. Growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is widely reported as a tumor suppressor gene; however, the investigations about its role in cerebrovascular disease are relatively rare. This study was aimed to explore the impact of GAS5 on hypoxia response in nervous cells. PC-12 cells were incubated under anoxic condition to induce hypoxia injury. Regulatory effects of GAS5 on miR-124 and miR-124 on ICAM-1 expression were assessed by qRT-PCR and/or Western blot. Targeting effect of miR-124 on ICAM-1 3'-untranslated regions (UTR) was evaluated through dual luciferase activity assay. The potential regulatory mechanism on hypoxia injury in PC-12 cells was assessed by detecting key elements of NF-κB and Notch signaling pathways using Western blot. GAS5 ectopic expression accentuated hypoxia injury in PC-12 cells. miR-124 expression was negatively regulated by GAS5 expression. Cells with overexpressions of GAS5 and miR-124 alleviated hypoxia injury as in compassion with cells only with GAS5 overexpression. ICAM-1 expression was negatively regulated by miR-124 expression. ICAM-1 was a functional target of miR-124. ICAM-1 overexpression aggravated hypoxia injury, but inversely, ICAM-1 silence diminished hypoxia damage. Besides, ICAM-1 expression was negatively related with activation of NF-κB and Notch pathways. GAS5-miR-124-ICAM-1 axis could regulate hypoxia injury in PC-12 cells. GAS5 might aggravate hypoxia injury via down-regulating miR-124, then up-regulating ICAM-1, and further enhancing activations of NF-κB and Notch pathways.

M2 microglia-derived exosomes protect the mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-124

“…In ischemic injury, inhibition of miR-132 increased neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia while overexpression of miR-132 in hippocampal neurons provided strong protection against ischemia-induced neuronal death 40. Downregulation of miR-124 can aggravate hypoxic injury of the neuronal cell line PC12 via intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) 41. Overexpression of miR-124 attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal damage by targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) 42.…”

Long noncoding RNA MEG3 silencing protects against hypoxia‐induced pheochromocytoma‐12 cell injury through inhibition of TIMP2 promoter methylation

“…MEG3 was also shown to be influenced by DNA methylation and accelerate apoptosis in vitro thus inhibiting cellular proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer (Maiya, Jadhav, Albert, & Mathan, 1985). In addition, lncRNA GAS5 has been manifested to enhance apoptosis and restrain the proliferation of PC12 cells, thus worsening hypoxia-induced PC12 cell damage (Hu, Liu, Zhao, Zheng, & Qin, 2018).…”