Rhizoctonia solani AG 2‐1 as a causative agent of cotyledon rot on European beech (Fagus sylvatica)

Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani was frequently isolated in the Italian Alps from nursery-grown European beech (Fagus sylvatica) seedlings displaying symptoms of cotyledon rot. Koch's postulates were verified and mode of infection of the associated isolates was investigated with light and scanning electron microscopy. Population structure of the pathogen was investigated by scoring the anastomosis reaction type in pairings between different isolates from the same seedbed. One pathogen genotype showed a large distribution area within the seedbed, this implying that the inoculum had been building up in the seedbed over a longer time period. Hyphal anastomosis tests and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA indicated that the pathogen belongs to AG 2-1 of R. solani. ITS sequence analysis indicates that the isolates from beech are closely related to R. solani isolates causing a disease on tulip. The striking similarities between the two diseases are discussed.

Implementation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods in lateral flow devices for the detection ofRhizoctonia solani

“…Depending on the initial inoculum levels, environmental factors and the types of host species, R. solani can cause significant yield and economic losses (Schoeny et al 2001;Smith et al 2003). Other species of Rhizoctonia, namely R. zeae and R. oryzae, also cause diseases on various crops, including many ornamentals, turf grasses, forage, sugar and oilseed crops (Bolkan & Ribeiro 1985;Chase 1991;Wrather et al 1997;Demirci 1998;Pascual & Hyakumachi 2000;Hietala et al 2005).…”

Characteristics and diversity of Rhizoctonia spp. population in soil of selected forest bare-root nurseries in Poland

“…Scots pine seedlings, both in nurseries and in natural stands, are vulnerable to attack by various pathogens [2][3][4].The most prevalent and severe disease of conifer seedlings is damping-off, the more frequently occurring, the longer a nursery is being operated, which is associated with accumulation of inoculum in soil [3,4].…”

“…Fungi belonging to the Rhizoctonia genus represent a wide range of pathogenic, non-pathogenic and mutualistic species [9]. Most studies on this group of fungi, known to attack more than 200 different species of plants, relate to agricultural plants, while only few researchers have studied this group of organisms in forest nurseries [4,6,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Analysing scots pine defence‐related transcripts and fungal DNA levels in seedlings single‐ or dual‐inoculated with endophytic and pathogenic Rhizoctonia species

“…Over 200 crops world‐wide are affected by this well known pathogen, which causes major economic losses both in agriculture, averaging yearly up to 20 % (S neh et al . 1996), but also regarding tree nurseries (H ietala et al . 2005; S tępniewska‐ J arosz et al .…”