Rhizoctonia solani: taxonomy, population biology and management of rhizoctonia seedling disease of soybean

Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani, the most important species within the genus Rhizoctonia, is a soilborne plant pathogen with considerable diversity in cultural morphology, host range and aggressiveness. Despite its history as a destructive pathogen of economically important crops worldwide, our understanding of its taxonomic relationship with other Rhizoctonialike fungi, incompatibility systems, and population biology is rather limited. Among the host of diseases it has been associated with, seedling diseases inflicted on soybean are of significant importance, especially in the soybean growing regions of North America. Due to the dearth of resistant soybean genotypes, as well as the paucity of information on the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions and other molecular aspects of pathogenicity, effective management options have mostly relied upon a combination of cultural and chemical control options. The first section of this review summarizes what is currently known about the taxonomy and systematics, population biology and molecular genetics of R. solani. The second section provides an overview of the pathology and management of rhizoctonia root and hypocotyl rot of soybean, a seedling disease of importance in North America.

Necrotrophic lifestyle of Rhizoctonia solani AG3-PT during interaction with its host plant potato as revealed by transcriptome analysis

“…Hyphae of isolates belonging to the same AG are able to anastomose. In total, 13 different AGs of R. solani have been described with their subgroups differing in morphological and genetic characteristics 4 , 5 . Members of the different AGs and the various subgroups show a distinct degree in host specificity 6 , 7 .…”

Molecular docking and pharmacokinetic evaluation of natural compounds as targeted inhibitors against Crz1 protein in Rhizoctonia solani

“…The fungus can damage organic substance in the soil as a saprobe and is a vital evolutionary connection between beneficial and plant disease-causing fungi 12, 14. Root rot, seedling blight, and hypocotyl rots are characteristic symptoms detected when vulnerable genotypes are implanted on high-risk fields and in conditions encouraging for disease development 15. Unfortunately, our understanding of the mechanisms promoting infection and other aspects of hostpathogen interaction is limited, impeding the progress of resistant genotypes.…”

Managing Rhizoctonia Damping-Off of Rocket (Eruca sativa) Seedlings by Drench Application of Bioactive Potato Leaf Phytochemical Extracts

“…Several chemical, physical, and ecological soil disinfection approaches are proposed to keep down the telluric population of R. solani [ 2 ]. However, the full control of the pathogen is complicated by its inherent aptitude to the saprophytic lifestyle, the production of conservative structures (i.e., pseudosclerotia), favorable environmental factors (i.e., high crop density, soil moisture, temperate conditions), and the wide host range that promote survival into the soil [ 3 ]. Furthermore, the drawbacks related to the use of chemical fungicides, such as undesirable non-target effects, fungal resistance, and other sustainability reasons are inciting the progressive reduction of many chemical soil disinfectants and fungicides from disease management protocols [ 4 ].…”