<i>Rickettsia helvetica</i>in Patient with Meningitis, Sweden, 2006

Nilsson, Kenneth; Elfving, Karin; Påhlson, Carl

doi:10.3201/eid1603.090184

Cited by 134 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Two female A. erinacei individuals harbored R. helvetica. This spotted fever group rickettsia is transmitted by Ixodes ricinus, and may cause mild-to-severe (e.g., neurological) disease in humans (Nilsson et al 2010). Most recently, it has been reported from bat fleas (Hornok et al 2012) and hedgehog ticks (Speck et al 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-Borne Agents Detected in Fleas of the Northern White-Breasted Hedgehog

Hornok

Földvári

Rigó

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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This is the first large-scale molecular investigation of fleas from a geographically widespread and highly urbanized species, the northern white-breasted hedgehog. In this study, 759 fleas (the majority were Archaeopsylla erinacei) collected from 134 hedgehogs were molecularly analyzed individually or in pools for the presence of three groups of vector-borne pathogens. All flea samples were positive for rickettsiae: In two samples (1.5%) Rickettsia helvetica and in 10% of the others a novel rickettsia genotype were identified. Additionally, Bartonella henselae (the causative agent of cat scratch disease in humans) was demonstrated in one flea (0.7%), and hemoplasmas of the hemofelis group were identified in seven other samples (5.2%). The findings of vector-borne agents not detected before in A. erinacei fleas broaden the range of those diseases of veterinary-medical importance, of which hedgehogs may play a role in the epidemiology. This is the first large-scale molecular investigation of fleas from a geographically widespread and highly urbanized species, the northern white-breasted hedgehog. In this study, 759 fleas (the majority were Archaeopsylla erinacei) collected from 134 hedgehogs were molecularly analyzed individually or in pools for the presence of three groups of vector-borne pathogens. All flea samples were positive for rickettsiae: In two samples (1.5%) Rickettsia helvetica and in 10% of the others a novel rickettsia genotype were identified. Additionally, Bartonella henselae (the causative agent of cat scratch disease in humans) was demonstrated in one flea (0.7%), and hemoplasmas of the hemofelis group were identified in seven other samples (5.2%). The findings of vector-borne agents not detected before in A. erinacei fleas broaden the range of those diseases of veterinary-medical importance, of which hedgehogs may play a role in the epidemiology. DOI

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-Borne Agents Detected in Fleas of the Northern White-Breasted Hedgehog

Hornok

Földvári

Rigó

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…50 However, some cases in Sweden have presented rash, 165 perimyocarditis, 166 and meningitis. 167 The main vector is Ixodes ricinus. 50…”

Section: Rickettsia Helvetica Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Faccini-Martínez

García‐Álvarez

Hidalgo

et al. 2014

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Rickettsioses share common clinical manifestations, such as fever, malaise, exanthema, the presence or absence of an inoculation eschar, and lymphadenopathy. Some of these manifestations can be suggestive of certain species of Rickettsia infection. Nevertheless none of these manifestations are pathognomonic, and direct diagnostic methods to confirm the involved species are always required. A syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that characterizes a disease with many etiologies or causes. This situation is applicable to rickettsioses, where different species can cause similar clinical presentations. We propose a syndromic classification for these diseases: exanthematic rickettsiosis syndrome with a low probability of inoculation eschar and rickettsiosis syndrome with a probability of inoculation eschar and their variants. In doing so, we take into account the clinical manifestations, the geographic origin, and the possible vector involved, in order to provide a guide for physicians of the most probable etiological agent.

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“…However, since 2005, no definitive, convincing cases have been published. In particular, recent reports by the same team remain dubious (313)(314)(315)(316).…”

Section: Tick-borne Rickettsiae In Europe Species Identified As Pathomentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus Rickettsia . These zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. However, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. Several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that were considered nonpathogenic for decades are now associated with human infections, and novel Rickettsia species of undetermined pathogenicity continue to be detected in or isolated from ticks around the world. This remarkable expansion of information has been driven largely by the use of molecular techniques that have facilitated the identification of novel and previously recognized rickettsiae in ticks. New approaches, such as swabbing of eschars to obtain material to be tested by PCR, have emerged in recent years and have played a role in describing emerging tick-borne rickettsioses. Here, we present the current knowledge on tick-borne rickettsiae and rickettsioses using a geographic approach toward the epidemiology of these diseases.

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Rickettsia helveticain Patient with Meningitis, Sweden, 2006

Cited by 134 publications

References 15 publications

Vector-Borne Agents Detected in Fleas of the Northern White-Breasted Hedgehog

Vector-Borne Agents Detected in Fleas of the Northern White-Breasted Hedgehog

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

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