S-Adenosylcoenzyme M and (±) S-methyl adenosylcoenzyme M. Preparation and role in methane biosynthesis

Cullen, William R.; Dolphin, David; Hoffman, D.; Trip, Everard M.

doi:10.1139/v84-365

Cited by 26 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Moreover, S-adenosyl-CoM and methylsulfonium adenosyl-CoM, did not stimulate methane formation in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum extracts (63). A possible intermediate for methyl transfer from methylcobalamin is, of course, SAM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Microbial Methylation of Metalloids: Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth

Bentley

Chasteen

2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

517

316

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A significant 19th century public health problem was that the inhabitants of many houses containing wallpaper decorated with green arsenical pigments experienced illness and death. The problem was caused by certain fungi that grew in the presence of inorganic arsenic to form a toxic, garlic-odored gas. The garlic odor was actually put to use in a very delicate microbiological test for arsenic. In 1933, the gas was shown to be trimethylarsine. It was not until 1971 that arsenic methylation by bacteria was demonstrated. Further research in biomethylation has been facilitated by the development of delicate techniques for the determination of arsenic species. As described in this review, many microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and yeasts) and animals are now known to biomethylate arsenic, forming both volatile (e.g., methylarsines) and nonvolatile (e.g., methylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid) compounds. The enzymatic mechanisms for this biomethylation are discussed. The microbial conversion of sodium arsenate to trimethylarsine proceeds by alternate reduction and methylation steps, with S-adenosylmethionine as the usual methyl donor. Thiols have important roles in the reductions. In anaerobic bacteria, methylcobalamin may be the donor. The other metalloid elements of the periodic table group 15, antimony and bismuth, also undergo biomethylation to some extent. Trimethylstibine formation by microorganisms is now well established, but this process apparently does not occur in animals. Formation of trimethylbismuth by microorganisms has been reported in a few cases. Microbial methylation plays important roles in the biogeochemical cycling of these metalloid elements and possibly in their detoxification. The wheel has come full circle, and public health considerations are again important

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mentioning

confidence: 84%

Microbial Methylation of Metalloids: Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth

Bentley

Chasteen

2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

517

316

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“…(a) Forecast model The correlated-k methodology is now applied to simulations of Meteosat 7 infrared and water vapour channel radiances using the current global forecast version of the Uni ed Model (Cullen 1993), which has a horizontal resolution of approximately 0.83 ± (longitude) £ 0.55 ± (latitude) on a regular grid and 30 vertical levels. The horizontal grid is equivalent to a resolution of approximately 60 km at mid latitudes and 90 km in the tropics.…”

Section: Simulations With the Unified Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of satellite channel radiances in the Met Office Unified Model

Ringer

Edwards

Slingo

2003

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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SUMMARYA system is described which allows satellite channel radiances to be simulated within both the numerical weather prediction and climate versions of the Met Of ce Uni ed Model. It is based on a spherical harmonics version of the radiation code that calculates radiative uxes and heating rates in the climate model and it uses the same pre-processing software and molecular absorption database. In the results shown here, fractional cloud cover is represented by decomposition into separate columns. The methodology is described and results of offline tests of the code against high spectral resolution calculations are presented. Examples of infrared window and water vapour channel brightness temperatures simulated using the global forecast model are then compared with Meteosat 7 imagery. The utility of radiance simulations for model validation studies is illustrated by these comparisons, and other applications are also discussed.

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“…Moreover, we have previously reported that insulin induces the translocation of GLUT4 to both the transverse tubules and the plasma membrane in rat skeletal muscle [9]. These studies, combined with the fact that transverse tubules constitute the largest (>60%) area of the cell surface in muscle cells [10,11], led us to propose that these tubular structures significantly contribute to the entry of glucose into myofi-*Corresponding author. Fax: (1) (418) 654 2247, bers, both in the basal and stimulated conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marked depletion of GLUT4 glucose transporters in transverse tubules of skeletal muscle from streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

Dombrowski

Marette

1995

FEBS Letters

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The principal goal of the present study was to determine the subceHular content of GLUT4 in diabetic rat muscle, and to test the hypothesis that a reduced abundance of the transporter protein in transverse tubules is responsible for impaired glucose utilization in that tissue. GLUT4 protein levels were measured in hindlimb muscle homogenates as well as in subcellular membrane fractions enriched with either plasma membranes, transverse tubules, or GLUT4-containing intracellular membranes from control and diabetic (streptozotocin-induced) rats. GLUT4 protein contents in diabetic muscle homogenates was reduced by 30% as compared to control rats. Subcellular fractionation experiments revealed that GLUT4 contents in transverse tubules-enriched fractions was markedly decreased (by 55-60%) in skeletal muscle of diabetic animals whereas no significant reductions in GLUT4 abundance was observed in the plasma membrane fraction. Moreover, GLUT4 was markedly depleted (by 45%) in the GLUT4-enriched intracellular membrane fraction. These results indicate that GLUT4 is markedly depleted in both the intracellular pool and in the cell surface membranes in muscle of STZ-diabetic rats. Most strikingly, this study demonstrates that transverse tubules and not the plasma membrane are the main sites of cell surface GLUT4 depletion in diabetic muscle.

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S-Adenosylcoenzyme M and (±) S-methyl adenosylcoenzyme M. Preparation and role in methane biosynthesis

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Microbial Methylation of Metalloids: Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth

Microbial Methylation of Metalloids: Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth

Simulation of satellite channel radiances in the Met Office Unified Model

Marked depletion of GLUT4 glucose transporters in transverse tubules of skeletal muscle from streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

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