Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase genes in the colonic mucosa of rats experimentally-infected with Blastocystis subtype-3 cysts

Abstract

Blastocystis spp. is the most frequent infectious unicellular, luminal parasite in all species of animals and humans. It has been linked to diarrhoea and irritable bowel syndrome. Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) is a widely used probiotic that previously showed efficacy against several intestinal pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic role of Sb on Blastocystis spp. Methods: Five groups of Blastocystis subtype-3 infected rats were treated with either live Sb alone, metronidazole (MTZ) alone, Sb extract, both Sb and MTZ, or placebo-treated besides the noninfected control group. Assessment of treatment effectiveness was done by study of parasitological cure rate, histopathological effect and analysis of the colonic mucosal level of mRNAs expressions for the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Results showed that live Sb significantly improved the histological characteristics and decreased the cytokines and iNOS in the colonic mucosa. Co-administration of live Sb together with MTZ gave a better effect than other treatments and had early efficacy and revealed a 100% reduction of the parasite stages from both the stool and intestinal wash fluid.

The preventive effects of Saccharomyces boulardii against oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide in rat brain

“…Moreover, S. boulardii exhibited the ability to up-regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and down-regulate IL-8 expression in human HT-29 colonocytes and rat model colitis, respectively [ 55 ]. Also, S. boulardii inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genes in the colonic mucosa of infected rats with Blastocystis subtype-3 cysts [ 56 ].…”

Effect of Boulardii Yeast Wall Polysaccharides on Intestinal Microflora in Jejunum, Cecum and Colon for Early-Weaned Lambs by 16S rRNA Sequence Analysis

“…Such interaction could be adjusted by BRYPinduced alteration of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (Singu et al 2020). 3) The harmful and pathogenic bacteria could be absorbed in the large construction of BRYP (Méabed et al 2019). It has been reported that the supplementation of Pichia guilliermondii cell polysaccharides significantly decreased the level of pH, and the number of pathogenic in the intestinal of chickens (Shanmugasundaram et al 2014).…”

Blastocystis: A Mysterious Member of the Gut Microbiome

“…The co-therapy involving metronidazole and S. boulardii demonstrated a more favorable effect compared to the other treatments. The live S. boulardii had a significant beneficial effect on the local immune response of the colonic mucosa, such as goblet cell hyperplasia, as well as lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS [ 167 ].…”