Saccharomyces boulardiiInterferes with EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli-Induced Signaling Pathways in T84 Cells

Adhesion to the yeast cell surface as a mechanism for trapping pathogenic bacteria by Saccharomyces probiotics

“…Many mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain yeast probiotic protection against bacterial infection, such as modulating the immune system (Buts et al, 1990;Rodrigues et al, 2000), degrading Clostridium difficile toxins A and B and their respective receptors on colonic mucosa (Castagliuolo et al, 1999;Qamar et al, 2001), inhibiting cholera toxin action (Czerucka et al, 1994;Brandão et al, 1998) and modulating the transduction pathway when activated by enteropathogenic bacteria (Czerucka et al, 2000;Dahan et al, 2003;Martins et al, 2010Martins et al, , 2011. Another frequently cited mechanism for probiotic action is the production of diffusible antagonistic compounds inhibiting pathogenic bacterial growth.…”

Saccharomyces boulardiieffects on gastrointestinal diseases

“…These effects have been assessed in several studies and showed that S. boulardii exerts beneficial mechanisms in animal models displaying IBD as well as in pathogenic or opportunistic micro-organism infection models such as Clostridium difficile, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Citrobacter rodentium and Candida albicans Czerucka et al, 1994;Dahan et al, 2003;Dalmasso et al, 2006b;Jawhara and Poulain, 2007;Mumy et al, 2007;Wu et al, 2008). These mechanisms include the modification of host cell signalling pathways implicated in proinflammatory response and in hydroelectrolytic secretion, the stimulation of host immune defences, the neutralization of bacterial toxins and the decrease of bacterial adherence to intestinal epithelial cells, the maintenance of membrane permeability and the inhibition of pathogen translocation.…”

“…These studies showed that the yeast can reduce inflammation in blocking nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) (Dahan et al, 2003;Mumy et al, 2007) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation Mumy et al, 2007), in decreasing nitric oxide (NO) production , in enhancing peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) expression (Lee et al, 2005) and in moduling T cell migratory behaviour (Dalmasso et al, 2006a).…”

“…Several experimental studies showed that S. boulardii interferes with the host cell signalling pathways and decreases the expression of inflammation-associated cytokines such as interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (Dahan et al, 2003;Dalmasso et al, 2006b;Mumy et al, 2007). These studies showed that the yeast can reduce inflammation in blocking nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) (Dahan et al, 2003;Mumy et al, 2007) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation Mumy et al, 2007), in decreasing nitric oxide (NO) production , in enhancing peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) expression (Lee et al, 2005) and in moduling T cell migratory behaviour (Dalmasso et al, 2006a).…”

Suppressive Effect of Wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces paradoxus Strains on Ige Production by Mouse Spleen Cells

“…Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (S. boulardii) has been extensively studied for its role in attenuating the toxicity of several enteric bacterial pathogens (Gedak, 1999;Wu et al, 2008), maintaining epithelial barrier integrity (Dahan et al, 2003;Klingberg et al, 2008), treating and preventing gastrointestinal diseases (Zanello et al, 2009), and reducing inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial infection (Lee et al, 2005). The probiotic properties of S. boulardii have been determined by double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled studies (Bleichner et al, 1997;Sazawal et al, 2006).…”