I Saw You in the News: Mediated and Direct Intergroup Contact Improve Outgroup Attitudes

Wojcieszak, Magdalena; Azrout, Rachid

doi:10.1111/jcom.12266

Cited by 55 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Due to its audio‐visual nature, television serves as a key source of information for impressions that in‐group members may have of other social groups, makes the identities and characters of out‐group members’ salient to viewers, and in this way approximates face‐to‐face intergroup contact. Accordingly, previous research suggests that television represents an effective mechanism to influence beliefs and attitudes concerning less encountered out‐groups (Garretson, ; Hoffner & Cohen, ; Mutz & Goldman, ; Wojcieszak & Azrout, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is negative the new positive? Secondary transfer effect of exposure to LGBT portrayals in TV entertainment programs

Lissitsa

Kushnirovich

2019

J Applied Social Pyschol

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This study investigates the primary effect of positive, neutral, and negative exposure to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) TV portrayals in entertainment programs on attitudes toward the LGBT community and the Secondary Transfer Effect (STE) of such exposure on attitudes toward people with Asperger's Disorder (the secondary out‐group), controlling for face‐to‐face and online contacts with both out‐groups. Research was conducted using a mixed methods approach. Quantitative Study 1 used an online survey of 716 Israeli Jews, to investigate primary and secondary effects of TV exposure to LGBT portrayals. The positive primary effect of TV exposure was shown—regardless of LGBT portrayals perceived as positive, neutral, or negative. STE of TV exposure to neutral and negative LGBT portrayals is likely to diminish social distance to people with Asperger's Disorder, while no STE was found with positive LGBT portrayals. Full mediation effect of attitudes toward the LGBT community was found. Qualitative Study 2, based on 52 in‐depth interviews, was conducted in order to reveal the hidden mechanisms of these effects, examining the parasocial experience and its interpretations by the viewers. According to qualitative findings, the positive primary and secondary effects of negative exposure may be explained by varied interpretations of gay portrayals on TV by different people depending on social background and life experience, opposite reaction on stereotypical gay portrayals on TV, and asymmetrical negative‐positive heuristic. Given the important role of TV in fostering more positive intergroup relations, this research revealed sources of prejudice reduction and increase in tolerance toward “others” for society at large.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…viewers, and in this way approximates face-to-face intergroup contact. Accordingly, previous research suggests that television represents an effective mechanism to influence beliefs and attitudes concerning less encountered out-groups (Garretson, 2015;Hoffner & Cohen, 2015;Mutz & Goldman, 2010;Wojcieszak & Azrout, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is negative the new positive? Secondary transfer effect of exposure to LGBT portrayals in TV entertainment programs

Lissitsa

Kushnirovich

2019

J Applied Social Pyschol

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“…Pettigrew and Tropp's (2006) meta-analysis supports these effects and patterns of intergroup contact. However, such direct contact is not always feasible; people tend to choose their social contact based on the similarities in social categories (e.g., race, gender, sexuality, class, religion) (Wojcieszak & Azrout, 2016). In reality, most people do not have direct interpersonal contact with most outgroups that fall outside their identities, especially when it comes to marginalized social groups such as the transgender community.…”

Section: Intergroup Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although underexplored, the existing research on mediated vicarious contact identifies not only the attitude reshaping effects but also the conditions maximizing such effects. According to these studies, how much the audience identifies with the ingroup characters in the observed intergroup interaction (e.g., Joyce & Harwood, 2014), how positively they perceive the contact experience of the ingroup and outgroup characters (e.g., Mazziotta, Mummendey, & Wright, 2011), and the quantity of mediated outgroup contact have positive impact on intergroup attitude outcomes (Wojcieszak & Azrout, 2016). However, this line of research has not examined how narrative strategies such as narrative perspective might impact the cognition of the depiction of intergroup interaction.…”

Section: Mediated Vicarious Contact: Intergroup Interaction In the Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediated Vicarious Contact with Transgender People: How Narrative Perspective and Interaction Depiction Influence Intergroup Attitudes, Transportation, and Elevation

2019

JPIC

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The emerging intergroup perspective-taking narrative has become a mainstream representational strategy in the rise of transgender media visibility. Taking an experimental design approach, this study investigates how narrative perspective (Ingroup Perspective vs. Outgroup Perspective) interacts with intergroup interaction depiction (Positive vs. Negative) in transgender-related media content to redirect people’s attitudes toward transgender people, transportation, and elevation responses. The findings reveal that the outgroup perspective is more likely to elicit 1) positive attitudes toward the featured transgender character and the transgender outgroup; 2) transportation; and 3) meaningful affect, mixed affect, and motivational responses. However, the positive depiction of transgender-cisgender intergroup interaction only prompts positive attitudes toward the transgender character, meaningful affect, and physical responses. Implications of such intergroup communication strategies in public interest communications are discussed.

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“…In order to present such a condition to children, we decided to make it as systematically and pragmatically appropriate as we could, and thus compromised on answering every other question that children asked. On the other hand, studies on indirect intergroup contact indicate that the more exposure one gets, the more substantial is the change in one's attitudes (Wojcieszak & Azrout, ). We thus hoped that a comparison of the Full vs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What children want to know about in‐ and out‐groups, and how knowledge affects their intergroup attitudes

Nasie

Diesendruck

2019

Social Development

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One of the key factors contributing to the development of negative attitudes toward out‐groups is lack of knowledge about them. The present study investigated what type of information 3‐ to 4‐ and 5‐ to 6‐ year‐old Jewish Israeli children (N = 82) are interested in acquiring about unfamiliar in‐ and out‐group individuals, and how providing children with the requested information affects their intergroup attitudes. Children were shown pictures of individuals from three groups—an in‐group (“Jews”), a “conflict” out‐group (“Arabs”), and a “neutral” out‐group (“Scots”)—and were asked what they would like to know about them. The experimenter responded by either answering all of children's questions, half of the questions, or none. Children's attitudes toward the groups were also assessed. It was found that children asked the most questions in regard to conflict out‐group individuals. Moreover, the older age group asked more questions regarding the psychological characteristics, and fewer questions regarding the social identity, of the conflict out‐group than of the other two groups. Finally, full provision of information improved attitudes toward the groups, especially among 3‐ to 4‐year olds, and especially regarding the conflict out‐group. These findings have implications for understanding the sources of intergroup biases, and for developing interventions to reduce them.

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I Saw You in the News: Mediated and Direct Intergroup Contact Improve Outgroup Attitudes

Cited by 55 publications

References 53 publications

Is negative the new positive? Secondary transfer effect of exposure to LGBT portrayals in TV entertainment programs

Is negative the new positive? Secondary transfer effect of exposure to LGBT portrayals in TV entertainment programs

Mediated Vicarious Contact with Transgender People: How Narrative Perspective and Interaction Depiction Influence Intergroup Attitudes, Transportation, and Elevation

What children want to know about in‐ and out‐groups, and how knowledge affects their intergroup attitudes

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